determiner
Used before a singular noun to show that it is one of many, not a specific one. It introduces a general, unspecified thing or person.
"I want to buy a car. (not a specific car)"
noun
A type of rough, blocky lava. It is usually black and hard.
"The volcano produced a lot of aa lava."
noun
A state of not being used, or not happening at the present time.
"The project is in abeyance while we wait for more funding."
adjective
Having the power, skill, or resources to do something.
"She is able to swim very well."
adjective
Very unpleasant or offensive.
"The music was so loud and obnoxious that I had to leave the party."
noun
A word said as a magic spell. People believe it has special power.
"The magician said 'Abracadabra!' and a rabbit appeared."
adjective
Relating to education and learning, especially in colleges and universities.
"She has strong academic skills and always gets good grades."
noun
A way of speaking that is common in a particular area or country. It includes the way words are pronounced.
"She has a strong American accent."
noun
The ability or right to use or see something.
"You need a password to access the computer."
verb
To give strong approval or praise; to describe something as very good.
"The movie was acclaimed by critics for its excellent acting."
verb
To successfully finish something you planned to do.
"She was able to accomplish all her goals this year."
verb
To gather or collect something over time.
"Dust tends to accumulate in corners if you don't clean often."
noun
Records of money that a person or business has, owes, or spends.
"The company keeps careful accounts of all its money."
adjective
Deserving to be strongly disliked or disapproved of.
"That accursed cat keeps bringing dead birds into the house."
noun
A statement saying that someone has done something wrong or illegal.
"She made an accusation against her neighbor for stealing her mail."
verb
To successfully do something after trying hard.
"She studied hard to achieve good grades."
noun
A section in a book or article where the writer thanks people who helped them.
"The author wrote acknowledgments to his family in the book."
noun
the highest point of success or achievement
"Winning the championship was the acme of her sports career."
noun
A person whose job is to keep or check financial records.
"My dad is an accountant and he works with numbers every day."
verb
To have met someone and know them a little.
"I am not very acquainted with my new neighbors yet."
preposition
From one side to the other side of something.
"The bridge goes across the river."
noun
Things that you do. Actions are things that people or animals do.
"His actions made her happy."
noun
In the Bible, Adam is the name of the first man.
"According to the Bible, Adam and Eve lived in the Garden of Eden."
noun
A strong need to do or have something regularly, even if it is harmful.
"He has an addiction to gambling."
noun
People who like or respect someone very much.
"The singer had many admirers after her amazing concert."
verb
To gently but seriously tell someone they have done something wrong.
"The teacher admonished the student for talking during the lesson."
noun
The time in a person's life when they change from a child into an adult.
"Adolescence can be a difficult time for many teenagers."
verb
To make something more beautiful by adding decorations.
"The Christmas tree was adorned with colorful lights and ornaments."
noun
A hormone (a chemical messenger in the body) that is released when you are excited, afraid, or stressed.
"When she saw the bear, she felt a rush of adrenaline."
noun
Aeroplanes are machines that can fly in the air. They have wings and engines.
"Many aeroplanes fly from the airport every day."
noun
A feeling of liking and caring for someone or something.
"She showed a lot of affection for her cat."
adjective
If something is affordable, it means that most people have enough money to buy it.
"This store sells affordable clothes for students."
noun
A party that happens after another event, like a concert, wedding, or conference.
"After the concert, we went to the afterparty at a nearby club."
adjective
Having the mouth wide open, usually because you are surprised or shocked.
"He stood there, mouth agape, as he watched the magic trick."
noun
A whole formed by combining several separate things.
"The company aggregated data from multiple sources to create a comprehensive report."
adjective
Ready and willing to fight or argue.
"The dog was very aggressive and barked at everyone."
adjective
Feeling great shock, horror, or surprise.
"She was aghast at the terrible accident."
noun
The ability to move quickly and easily.
"The cat showed great agility when it jumped over the fence."
noun
A person who tries to make people angry or upset so they will support a particular cause or idea.
"He was known as an agitator because he always spoke out against the government."
noun
The job or science of farming. It includes growing crops and raising animals for food and other products.
"Agriculture is very important for feeding people."
noun
A male name. It is a common name in many countries, especially in Muslim communities.
"Ahmed is my friend's name."
noun
A grip; something that can be held.
"The climber struggled to get ahold of the slippery rock."
verb
Past tense and past participle of the verb 'aim'.
"The hunter aimed his rifle at the deer."
noun
A set of rules or instructions that are followed to solve a problem or complete a task.
"The computer uses an algorithm to find the shortest route."
noun
Proof that someone was in another place when a crime happened.
"The suspect said he was at home with his family, but the police couldn't confirm his alibi."
verb
To get off a bus, train, or other vehicle.
"Passengers should alight from the bus at the next stop."
adjective
Having a pH greater than 7. pH is a measure of how acidic or basic a substance is. Alkaline substances are also called 'basic'.
"Soap is usually alkaline."
adjective
Joined together with others for a common purpose.
"The two countries were allied during the war to fight against a common enemy."
noun
The act of giving out parts of something for a specific purpose or to specific people.
"The company announced the allocation of funds for the new project."
noun
An amount of money that is given to someone regularly, usually to a child by their parents.
"My parents give me an allowance of $10 a week."
verb
To give someone permission to do something.
"My parents allowed me to go to the party."
verb
To join or become connected with another person, group, or country for a common purpose.
"Our country is allying with other nations to fight climate change."
noun
The first letter in the Greek alphabet (Α, α).
"Alpha comes before beta in the Greek alphabet."
noun
A special table or place used in religious ceremonies. It is where people offer gifts or prayers to a god or gods.
"The priest stood at the altar during the wedding."
verb
To change something. It means to make something different in some way.
"I need to alter my dress because it is too long."
noun
Changes made to something, usually to improve it or make it fit better.
"The dress needs some alterations to fit me perfectly."
conjunction
Used to introduce a statement that makes the main statement in a sentence seem surprising or unexpected.
"Although it was raining, we went for a walk."
noun
A person who does something (like a sport or hobby) for pleasure and not as a job.
"He's an amateur photographer; he takes pictures for fun."
adjective
Very good; causing great surprise or wonder.
"The view from the top of the mountain was amazing."
adjective
Having more than one possible meaning. It is not clear which meaning is correct.
"The instructions were ambiguous, so I didn't know what to do."
adjective
Having mixed feelings or conflicting ideas about something or someone.
"I feel ambivalent about the new job offer; it pays more, but it's further from my home."
noun
A surprise attack by people who are hiding.
"The soldiers set up an ambush in the forest."
noun
Short for ammunition. Ammunition means bullets or shells that are fired from guns.
"The soldier carried extra ammo for his rifle."
noun
A word, phrase, or name formed by rearranging the letters of another. It uses all the original letters exactly once.
""Listen" and "silent" are an anagram of each other."
noun
The study of the body and how its parts are made.
"The doctor has a good knowledge of human anatomy."
noun
A heavy object used to stop a boat or ship from moving.
"The ship dropped its anchor to stay in place."
conjunction
Used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are grammatically similar.
"I like to eat apples and bananas."
adjective
Showing extreme pain or suffering in your mind or body.
"She gave an anguished cry when she heard the news."
noun
The process of making something look like it is moving, even if it is not.
"The children loved the cartoon with amazing animation."
noun
A statement that tells people about something important.
"The teacher made an announcement about the school trip."
verb
To put oil on someone in a religious ceremony. This is often done to show that the person is chosen for a special job or purpose.
"The priest anointed the new king with oil."
noun
A serious illness where someone is very afraid of gaining weight and refuses to eat enough food. This can make them very thin and unhealthy.
"She was diagnosed with anorexia and needed help to start eating again."
noun
A wire or metal rod used to send or receive radio or television signals.
"The TV has an antenna to pick up signals from the air."
noun
A very small insect that lives in groups called colonies. Ants work together to find food and build their homes.
"I saw some ants marching across the kitchen floor."
noun
A feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease about something that might happen or is happening.
"She felt a lot of anxiety before her job interview."
noun
A soldier in the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps during World War I.
"My grandfather was an Anzac in World War I."
noun
A ghost or spirit of a dead person that appears in a visible form.
"Some people believe they saw an apparition in the old house."
noun
A round fruit that grows on a tree. It is usually red, green, or yellow and has white flesh.
"I ate an apple for lunch."
noun
A person who is learning a job or skill by working for someone who is very good at it.
"He is working as an apprentice to a carpenter."
adverb
Close to a particular number or time, but not exactly.
"The meeting will last approximately two hours."
adjective
Based on chance, a whim, or personal feeling rather than on reason or system.
"The choice of the winner seemed arbitrary since all the entries were good."
adjective
Based on a random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system.
"The rules seemed arbitrary because they changed without any clear reason."
adjective
Known or understood by only a few people.
"The old book was full of arcane knowledge."
noun
A curved structure that supports the weight of something above it, like a bridge or a doorway.
"The bridge has a beautiful stone arch."
adjective
Very difficult and tiring, needing a lot of effort and energy.
"Climbing Mount Everest is an arduous task."
noun
A covered passage or walkway, usually with shops along one or both sides.
"The shoppers enjoyed walking through the beautiful arcade, protected from the rain."
interjection
A sound that people make when they are annoyed, frustrated, or in pain.
"Argh! I forgot my keys."
verb
To put things in a certain order or position.
"Please arrange the books on the shelf by size."
noun
A long, thin stick with a sharp point at one end and feathers at the other, used for shooting from a bow.
"The archer shot an arrow at the target."
noun
An object made by a human being, especially one of historical or cultural interest.
"The museum has many ancient artifacts from Egypt."
noun
Objects made by humans, especially things of historical or cultural interest.
"The museum has many ancient artifacts from different cultures."
noun
A random sequence of letters on a keyboard, often used when someone is testing a keyboard or typing without thinking.
"The student just typed 'asdf' when he didn't know what to write in the essay."
noun
An abbreviation for 'as fuck'. This is a very strong intensifier used to emphasize something.
"This coffee is hot asf!"
adverb
To the shore; toward the land from the water.
"The sailors swam ashore after the ship sank."
verb
To say something to someone in order to get an answer or some information.
"I want to ask you a question."
noun
a black or dark brown sticky material used to make roads and roofs
"The workers put asphalt on the new road."
noun
The act of killing a famous or important person.
"The assassination of the president shocked the world."
verb
To carefully consider something to make a judgment about it.
"The teacher will assess our homework to see how well we understood the lesson."
noun
A very rude and unpleasant person. This word is considered offensive.
"Don't be an asshole and cut in line."
adverb
In a way that shows great care, attention, and effort.
"She worked assiduously to complete the project on time."
verb
To give someone a job or task to do.
"The teacher will assign homework for the weekend."
verb
To give someone a task or job to do.
"The teacher assigned homework for the weekend."
noun
People who help someone else do a job.
"She has two assistants to help her with her work."
verb
To think that something is true, even if you do not have proof.
"I assume you are tired after your long trip."
verb
To tell someone that something is definitely true or will definitely happen, especially to remove doubt.
"I can assure you that the food is very good here."
verb
To tell someone that something is definitely true or will happen to remove their doubts.
"I assured my friend that I would help her move."
noun
A medical condition that makes it hard to breathe. It causes the airways in the lungs to become narrow and swollen.
"My little brother has asthma, so he uses an inhaler."
verb
To surprise or shock someone very much.
"The magician's tricks astounded the audience."
noun
A person who does not believe that God or gods exist.
"My friend is an atheist, so he doesn't celebrate religious holidays."
noun
The smallest part of a substance that can exist alone or combine with other atoms.
"Everything around us is made of atoms."
noun
An action of trying to hurt or defeat someone or something using violence.
"The soldiers will attack the enemy base at dawn."
noun
An effort to do something, especially something difficult.
"He made an attempt to climb the mountain."
noun
The act of being present at a place, like school, work, or a meeting.
"Class attendance is important for learning."
noun
An act of trying to hurt or defeat someone or something using violence.
"The soldiers planned to attack the enemy at dawn."
noun
A careful check of financial records to make sure they are correct.
"The company has an audit every year to check its finances."
verb
To make something bigger or better by adding to it.
"The company augmented its staff with more workers."
noun
The power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience.
"The teacher has the authority to decide what students learn in class."
noun
A condition that affects how a person's brain works. People with autism may have difficulty with social interactions, communication, and repetitive behaviors.
"The doctor diagnosed the child with autism after observing his social interactions and communication skills."
noun
The story of a person's life, written by that person.
"Helen Keller wrote an autobiography called 'The Story of My Life'."
verb
To turn away your eyes or face from something.
"She averted her eyes from the accident."
noun
A strong and unreasonable fear of flying.
"Many people suffer from aviophobia, even though flying is statistically very safe."
verb
Past tense and past participle of 'await'. To wait for something to happen.
"The concert was eagerly awaited by all the fans."
adjective
Knowing about something; having knowledge of something.
"I am aware that the meeting starts at 9 am."
noun
A feeling of great respect and wonder, sometimes mixed with fear or surprise.
"We stood in awe of the beautiful mountains."
adjective
Very bad or unpleasant.
"The food at that restaurant was awful. I couldn't eat it."
adverb
In a way that is not comfortable or graceful.
"He awkwardly tried to start a conversation with her."
noun
A real or imaginary straight line going through the center of an object, around which that object turns.
"The Earth rotates on its axis."
noun
The story of what happened before the main events in a book, movie, or play.
"The movie gave a lot of backstory about the main character's childhood."
adverb
Moving or facing the direction that is behind you.
"He took a step backward to get a better view."
noun
A small piece of metal, plastic, or cloth with a design or words on it. It is worn to show who you are, what group you belong to, or what you have achieved.
"The police officer wore a badge on his chest."
noun
Badoo is a social network and dating app. It allows people to meet new people online.
"She met her boyfriend on Badoo."
noun
Something that causes problems or unhappiness.
"Mosquitoes are the bane of summer evenings."
verb
To tease or annoy someone, often to try to make them angry.
"The older kids were baiting the younger boy by making fun of his shoes."
noun
A person who makes bread, cakes, and other baked goods.
"The baker makes delicious bread every morning."
noun
A sweet-smelling oil or cream that you put on your skin to heal or make it feel better.
"I put some lip balm on my dry lips."
adjective
Something that is banal is boring and not original. It is so common that it no longer seems interesting or special.
"The movie's plot was very banal and predictable."
noun
A long, curved fruit with a yellow skin and soft, sweet white flesh inside.
"I ate a banana for breakfast."
noun
A group of people who play music together.
"My favorite band is playing a concert tonight."
verb
To force someone to leave a country or place as a punishment.
"The king decided to banish the rebel from the kingdom."
adjective
Unable to pay your debts; having no money.
"The company went bankrupt after losing a lot of money."
noun
A long, curved fruit with a yellow skin and soft, sweet flesh.
"I ate a banana for breakfast."
noun
A long piece of cloth with a design or writing on it. It is often hung in a public place to show support for something.
"The students held a banner that said "Save the Planet!"."
noun
A Christian religious ceremony where someone is dipped in water or has water poured on them. This shows they are joining the Christian church.
"He received baptism as a baby."
verb
To vomit. This means to throw up food from your stomach through your mouth.
"The little boy barfed after eating too much candy."
noun
A large number of things, such as questions or complaints, that happen quickly, one after the other.
"The reporter asked the president a barrage of questions."
noun
A round container, usually made of wood, with a flat top and bottom.
"The wine is stored in a wooden barrel."
verb
To move very fast and often in a reckless or uncontrolled way.
"The car was barreling down the road."
noun
Something that blocks movement or prevents access.
"The police put up a barrier to stop the cars."
noun
A bowl-shaped container for holding water, often used for washing.
"I washed my face in the basin."
verb
To fight or struggle against someone or something.
"The soldiers battled against the enemy."
noun
A large, strong wild animal with thick fur that eats meat and plants.
"We saw a brown bear in the forest."
noun
A part of a machine that allows movement between two parts.
"The car's wheel bearings need to be replaced."
adjective
Having qualities that give great pleasure or satisfaction to see, hear, think about, etc.; delighting the senses or mind.
"The sunset was beautiful last night."
verb
To make a sign with your hand or head to ask someone to come closer.
"She was beckoning me to join her at the table."
verb
Used as the past participle of the verb 'to be'. It shows that something has happened or existed before.
"I have been to London twice."
noun
Something very big and powerful.
"The company is a behemoth in the technology industry."
noun
A light brown color. It is a very pale brown, sometimes with a yellow or gray tint.
"The walls in my bedroom are painted beige."
noun
The front part of your body between your chest and your legs; your stomach.
"He rubbed his belly after eating a big meal."
adjective
Loved very much; very dear to someone.
"She is my beloved daughter; I love her very much."
noun
A strip of material (like leather or cloth) worn around the waist to hold up pants or other clothing.
"He wears a belt to keep his pants from falling down."
verb
To be sad because you have lost something.
"After her husband died, she felt bereft of all happiness."
noun
An agreement where you risk money or something valuable on the result of something.
"I made a bet with my friend that our team would win."
noun
a person who buys something, usually goods or services
"The buyer paid for the car with cash."
noun
A feeling or opinion that is not fair, often against someone or something.
"The teacher showed bias by always helping one student more than others."
adverb
In a way that relates to the Bible.
"The pastor explained the story biblically."
noun
A chemical compound that contains bicarbonate. It is a type of salt.
"The recipe calls for a teaspoon of bicarbonate of soda to make the cake rise."
noun
A piece of paper that shows how much money you owe for something you bought or used.
"The restaurant gave us the bill after we finished eating."
verb
To tie something or someone tightly so they cannot move or are held together.
"Please bind these books together with string."
noun
A story about someone's life written by another person.
"I read a biography about Marie Curie. It was very interesting."
noun
A warm-blooded animal with feathers, wings, and a beak. Birds usually fly and lay eggs.
"I saw a beautiful blue bird in the garden."
noun
The act of getting money or something else by threatening to tell someone's secrets.
"The thief tried to blackmail the store owner after stealing the money."
noun
A time when all lights must be turned off, or when there is no light because of a power failure.
"The city had a blackout because of a storm."
noun
The feeling that someone or something is responsible for a mistake or bad situation.
"The accident was not his fault, so he doesn't deserve the blame."
verb
To say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad that has happened.
"The accident was blamed on the driver's carelessness."
verb
To put food, usually vegetables or fruits, in boiling water for a very short time. This is often done to make it easier to peel, to stop it from changing color, or to partially cook it before freezing.
"Before freezing the green beans, you should blanch them for a few minutes."
verb
To make a loud, harsh, and unpleasant sound.
"The music from the neighbor's party was blaring all night."
noun
A mix of different things.
"This coffee is a blend of beans from different countries."
adjective
Feeling or showing great happiness and thanks.
"She felt blessed to have such a loving family."
noun
Window coverings made of long, flat pieces of material that can be moved to let light in or keep light out.
"We close the blinds at night to keep the streetlights out."
noun
The killing or hurting of people, especially in a violent way like war or fighting.
"The war caused a lot of bloodshed."
adjective
Eager to hurt or kill someone.
"The movie showed a bloodthirsty villain who enjoyed hurting people."
noun
A large snake that kills animals for food by wrapping its body around them and squeezing them.
"The zoo has a very large boa."
noun
Pieces of wood that are long and flat. They are used for making things.
"We used wooden boards to build a fence."
verb
To run away very quickly, often because you are scared or surprised.
"The dog bolted when it heard the loud noise."
noun
A container filled with explosive material that can cause damage when it explodes.
"The police found a bomb in the building."
noun
Something that connects two or more things or people.
"The bond between a mother and child is very strong."
noun
Something that joins two or more things together.
"The glue creates strong bonds between the pieces of wood."
English Translation
Hello
"She greeted me with a bright "Bonjour!" when I entered the shop."
adjective
Beautiful or attractive. This word is often used to describe girls, women, or babies.
"She has a bonnie smile."
noun
A slang term, sometimes considered childish or humorous, for breasts.
"Some people find the word 'booba' funny."
verb
To make a silly or stupid mistake.
"I really boobed when I forgot my wife's birthday."
noun
A type of imaginary creature mentioned in Lewis Carroll's poem "The Hunting of the Snark".
"The poem warned them to beware of the booj."
noun
A set of pages that are held together, usually with a cover, that has writing or pictures in it.
"I am reading a book about animals."
noun
The lines that separate one country, state, or area from another.
"The country's borders are heavily guarded."
noun
A person or thing that is not interesting and makes you feel tired or impatient.
"That movie was such a bore; I almost fell asleep."
adjective
Feeling tired and unhappy because you are not interested in something or because you have nothing to do.
"I am bored because there is nothing to do at home."
verb
To do something badly or carelessly; to ruin something because of a mistake.
"The plumber botched the repair, and now the sink leaks even more."
noun
Lines that mark the edge of something. They show where one area ends and another begins.
"The fence shows the boundaries of our yard. It separates our yard from our neighbor's."
verb
To mark something with a symbol using heat. This is often done to show who owns something, especially animals like cows.
"The farmer branded his cows so everyone knew they were his."
noun
The quality of being confident and aggressive, sometimes in a rude or annoying way.
"His brashness often offends people."
noun
A noisy fight involving a group of people.
"There was a big brawl outside the bar last night."
adjective
Strong and muscular.
"The brawny construction worker lifted the heavy beam easily."
adjective
Shameless or without embarrassment. Showing no fear of doing something wrong or rude.
"He made a brazen attempt to cheat on the test."
verb
Breaking through or making a gap in something, like a wall or a defense.
"The soldiers were accused of breaching the castle walls."
noun
A time when you stop working or doing an activity to rest.
"I need a break from studying. I'm going to take a walk."
noun
The act of feeding a baby with milk from the mother's breast.
"Breastfeeding is good for the baby's health."
adjective
Very smart or clever.
"She is a brilliant student; she always gets good grades."
verb
To take or carry someone or something to a place.
"Please bring your books to class tomorrow."
adjective
Having short, stiff hairs or fibers.
"The old brush had bristly bristles that scratched my skin."
verb
To make something wider or larger.
"The company broadens its market by selling products online."
noun
A person or company who buys and sells things (like stocks, bonds, insurance, or real estate) for other people.
"My stockbroker helps me buy and sell stocks."
verb
The past tense and past participle of the verb 'bring'. It means to have taken someone or something to a place.
"I brought my dog to the park."
verb
To be hit repeatedly by strong forces, like wind or waves.
"The small boat was buffeted by the storm."
noun
A light, horse-drawn vehicle, typically with two wheels.
"They rode through the park in a horse-drawn buggy."
noun
A person who makes or puts things together, especially buildings.
"My dad is a builder. He builds houses."
noun
A building is a structure with walls and a roof. People use buildings for different activities.
"The city has many tall buildings."
noun
Words or ideas that are not true or honest; nonsense.
"That's just a lot of bullshit. He's not telling the truth."
adjective
Resembling a bulwark, which is a defensive wall or structure.
"The old castle wall stood bulwarklike against the sea."
verb
To begin to grow or increase rapidly; to flourish.
"The burgeoning city is attracting many new residents."
noun
A flat, round piece of cooked ground meat, usually beef, that is served in a bread roll.
"I ordered a burger and fries for lunch."
noun
A large vehicle that carries many people. It travels on a fixed route.
"I take the bus to school every day."
verb
Past tense and past participle of the verb 'to butt'. To butt means to hit or push something or someone with your head or horns.
"The goat butted the fence."
noun
A hidden place where things are stored.
"The squirrels made a cache of nuts for the winter."
noun
The rhythm or flow of sounds in speech or music.
"The teacher read the story with a nice cadence that kept the children interested."
noun
In the Bible, Cain was the first son of Adam and Eve.
"The story of Cain and Abel is a famous story in the Bible."
noun
A sweet food made from flour, sugar, eggs, and other ingredients, that is baked in an oven.
"I ate a piece of chocolate cake for dessert."
noun
A strong feeling that you should do a particular job.
"She felt a calling to become a doctor and help people."
adjective
Having areas of skin that are thick and hard because of repeated rubbing or pressure.
"The gardener's hands were calloused from working in the soil."
noun
Something that hides or disguises something else.
"The soldiers wore camouflage so the enemy could not see them."
noun
A place where people live for a short time in tents or simple buildings.
"We went camping in the mountains last weekend."
noun
A series of planned activities to achieve a specific goal.
"The company launched a marketing campaign to sell its new product."
noun
Places where people live for a short time, often in tents or simple buildings.
"We went camping in the mountains last summer."
adjective
Saying what you think openly and honestly; truthful and straightforward.
"She gave a candid interview about her life."
noun
A sweet food made with sugar or syrup, often with flavorings and other ingredients.
"The children love to eat candy."
noun
A big gun, especially one that was used in the past. Cannons are usually very heavy and fire large balls.
"The soldiers fired the cannon at the enemy."
noun
A covering that hangs over something, like a roof.
"We sat under the canopy of the large tree to stay out of the sun."
adjective
Having the ability or skill to do something.
"She is a very capable student and always gets good grades."
noun
A very small tube in the body that carries blood. Capillaries connect arteries and veins.
"Blood flows through capillaries to deliver oxygen to the body's cells."
noun
A stone that is placed on top of a wall or building.
"The capstone of the wall was made of granite."
noun
A vehicle that can carry a few people. It has wheels and an engine to move.
"I drive my car to work every day."
noun
A feeling of worry or concern about someone or something.
"She takes good care of her plants."
adjective
Paying attention to what you are doing so that you do not have an accident or make a mistake.
"Be careful when you cross the street. Look both ways!"
adverb
In a way that shows a lack of attention or thought about what you are doing.
"He carelessly spilled coffee on his shirt."
noun
A system in some societies where people are divided into different social classes based on birth or occupation.
"In some parts of the world, the caste system still affects people's lives."
noun
The process of choosing actors for a play, movie, or show.
"The casting director is looking for the perfect actress for the lead role."
noun
A small animal with soft fur that people often keep as a pet.
"My neighbor has a black cat named Lucky."
verb
To stop and hold something that is moving through the air.
"Please catch the ball I throw to you."
noun
A group of things that are similar in some way.
"Apples and bananas are in the fruit category."
verb
Past tense and past participle of the verb 'catch'.
"I caught the ball during the game."
adjective
Careful about avoiding danger or mistakes.
"Be cautious when crossing the street. Look both ways."
noun
A type of music that started in the United States. It often includes improvisation (making things up as you play), a strong beat, and interesting rhythms.
"I love listening to jazz music in the evening."
verb
To give someone a particular job or task.
"The teacher will assign homework for the weekend."
noun
A famous person, especially in entertainment or sports.
"That actress is a big celebrity."
noun
A group of prison cells put together in one area.
"The new prisoners were taken to the cellblock."
noun
A unit of length. It is equal to one hundredth (1/100) of a meter.
"A centimeter is smaller than an inch."
noun
A part of a chromosome where the two parts are joined together.
"The centromere holds the two arms of the chromosome together."
noun
A commander in the ancient Roman army. A centurion led a group of about 80 soldiers (a century).
"The centurion gave the order to attack."
noun
The state of being completely sure about something.
"There is no certainty about the weather tomorrow."
noun
A power tool with teeth attached to a chain that moves around a guide bar. It is used for cutting wood.
"The worker used a chainsaw to cut down the tree."
noun
A cup, often made of precious metal and richly decorated, used for wine, especially in religious ceremonies.
"The priest held the chalice high during the service."
noun
Something difficult that tests your ability or strength.
"Learning a new language is a big challenge."
noun
A long, narrow space that water can flow through. It can be natural, like a riverbed, or man-made, like a canal.
"The boat sailed down the narrow channel."
noun
A state of complete disorder and confusion.
"The classroom was in chaos after the teacher left."
noun
A quality or feature that belongs to a person, thing, or group and helps to identify it.
"One characteristic of dogs is that they bark."
noun
A black material made by burning wood slowly in a place with little air.
"We used charcoal to grill the meat at the picnic."
adverb
In a charming way; in a manner that is pleasing and attractive.
"She smiled charmingly at him."
noun
A way to make sure something is correct or safe.
"Please check your answers before you hand in the test."
noun
A professional cook who works in a restaurant or hotel.
"The chef prepared a delicious meal for us."
noun
A V-shaped pattern. It looks like an upside-down 'V' or an arrow without the shaft.
"The road sign had a chevron pointing to the right, telling drivers to turn."
verb
To use your teeth to break food into smaller pieces in your mouth so you can swallow it.
"You should chew your food well before swallowing."
noun
The most important person in a group or organization.
"The chief of the police department gave a speech."
noun
A type of fine white or translucent ceramic material, often used for making dishes, cups, and decorative items.
"My grandmother has a beautiful set of china that she only uses on special occasions."
noun
A sweet food made from cacao beans. It is often used in candy and desserts.
"I love to eat chocolate after dinner."
noun
A group of people who sing together, especially in a church or school.
"The church has a wonderful choir that sings every Sunday."
verb
To be unable to breathe because something is blocking your throat.
"The little boy was choking on a piece of candy."
noun
A title given to Jesus of Nazareth, meaning 'anointed one'.
"Christians believe that Jesus is the Christ."
noun
The religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.
"Christianity teaches love and forgiveness."
adjective
Lasting for a long time or recurring frequently.
"She has a chronic cough that she's had for many years."
verb
To chronicle means to record events in a factual and detailed way.
"The historian is chronicling the events of the war."
noun
A building where Christians go to pray and worship God.
"We go to church every Sunday to pray."
verb
To move or stir something, especially a liquid, with great force.
"The sea was churning during the storm."
noun
a fact or event that makes a situation the way it is
"I can't imagine the circumstances in which I would steal."
noun
The conditions or facts that affect a situation.
"The circumstances of his birth were very difficult."
verb
To give credit to the source of information you use in your work.
"You should cite your sources when you write a research paper."
noun
People who legally belong to a country.
"The citizens of the United States have the right to vote."
noun
People who are not members of the military, police, or other armed groups.
"The soldiers tried to protect the civilians during the bombing."
noun
A society that has its own culture, government, and way of life.
"Ancient Egypt was a great civilization."
verb
To say that something is true, even if it is not proven.
"He claimed that he saw a ghost."
verb
To make a loud, ringing sound like metal being hit.
"The bell clanged loudly as the boxer entered the ring."
noun
A sharp, curved nail on the foot of an animal or bird.
"The cat used its claw to scratch the tree."
adjective
Not dirty. Free from dirt, marks, or unwanted things.
"This shirt is clean. You can wear it."
adjective
Easy to see through; not cloudy or blocked.
"The water in the lake is very clear, so you can see the bottom."
verb
To close your fingers or teeth tightly together, usually because you are angry, afraid, or in pain.
"She clenched her fists when she heard the bad news."
noun
A situation in a story, movie, or TV show that is very exciting and ends without telling you what happens next.
"The movie ended on a cliffhanger, so I can't wait to see the next one."
noun
A person who makes people laugh by acting silly or funny.
"The clown at the circus wore a big red nose and colorful clothes."
noun
a group of similar things or people close together
"I saw a cluster of stars in the night sky."
noun
A device in a car that lets you change gears. It connects and disconnects the engine from the wheels.
"He stepped on the clutch to shift gears in the car."
noun
A river in Scotland. It is a major river in the west of Scotland.
"Glasgow is a city located on the River Clyde."
noun
A black or dark brown rock that is burned to make heat or power.
"We burn coal to make electricity."
verb
To gently persuade someone to do something.
"I had to coax my cat to come inside with treats."
noun
A type of Italian pasta dish. It is made with eggs, cheese, cured pork (like bacon or pancetta), and black pepper.
"I ordered carbonara at the Italian restaurant."
adjective
Showing too much confidence in yourself.
"He became very cocky after winning the game."
adjective
Clear and easy to believe because it is based on good reasons.
"She made a cogent argument for why we should go to the park."
adjective
Relating to thinking, understanding, learning, and remembering.
"Reading a book is a cognitive activity."
adjective
Sticking together tightly; well integrated and unified.
"Our team is very cohesive; we work well together."
verb
To wind something into a circular or spiral shape.
"The snake was coiled up, ready to strike."
noun
Sexual activity between two people, where the man puts his penis inside the woman's vagina.
"The doctor asked about the frequency of coitus."
noun
A bowl with holes in it. It is used to wash food or to separate food from water.
"She used a colander to rinse the berries."
noun
A short way to say 'collaboration'. It means working together with someone to create something.
"They did a collab on a new song."
noun
The act of falling down or breaking apart suddenly.
"The old building started to collapse after the earthquake."
verb
To fall down or break apart suddenly because it is weak or damaged.
"The old building collapsed during the earthquake."
noun
Something valuable that you give to a lender (like a bank) when you borrow money. If you cannot pay back the money, the lender can take the collateral.
"The bank wanted collateral before they would give me a loan. I used my car as collateral."
noun
A group of things that are gathered together, often because they are similar or related.
"My dad has a big collection of old coins."
verb
To have taken control of another country or area and governed it, especially for economic gain.
"Many countries in Africa were colonised by European powers."
noun
A tool with teeth used for making hair neat.
"I use a comb to brush my hair every morning."
noun
A mix of two or more different things.
"The salad was a delicious combination of lettuce, tomatoes, and cucumbers."
noun
Something that can be bought or sold, especially a raw material or primary agricultural product.
"Oil is a very important commodity."
noun
A group of people who live in the same area, such as a city, town, or neighborhood.
"Our community has a nice park where children can play."
noun
The trip you take regularly between your home and your work or school.
"My commute to work takes about 30 minutes by train."
noun
Basic goods used in commerce that are interchangeable with other goods of the same type.
"Oil is a very important commodity in the world."
noun
A group of people who work together to do business.
"Apple is a very big company that makes computers and phones."
adjective
Describing something that is being compared to something else.
"This car is faster than that one; 'faster' is the comparative form of 'fast'."
verb
To look at two or more things and see how they are the same or different.
"I want to compare the prices of these two cars before I buy one."
adjective
Able to exist or work well with something or someone else.
"This phone is compatible with my old charger. I can use it to charge my phone."
noun
The act of finishing something.
"The completion of the project took longer than expected."
noun
The act of following rules or requests.
"The company showed compliance with the new safety regulations."
noun
Parts that make up a whole thing.
"A car has many components, like the engine, wheels, and seats."
verb
To understand something completely.
"I didn't comprehend what he said because he spoke too fast."
noun
The ability to understand something.
"Her comprehension of the math problem was excellent."
verb
To agree to something by giving up part of what you want.
"The two sides compromised to reach an agreement."
adjective
Having the skills or knowledge needed to do something well.
"She is a competent teacher and her students learn a lot."
adjective
Required by law or a rule.
"In many countries, education is compulsory until the age of 16."
noun
A trick or plan to cheat someone.
"He ran a con on the elderly woman and took all her savings."
verb
Present participle of the verb 'conceal'. 'Concealing' means hiding something carefully so that it cannot be seen or noticed.
"She was concealing the truth from her friends."
noun
A feeling of worry or care about someone or something.
"My main concern is that the children are safe."
noun
Something that you allow or give up to end a disagreement.
"After arguing for an hour, they both made concessions to reach an agreement."
verb
To form an idea or plan in your mind.
"He could not conceive of a world without war."
noun
The process of ending a disagreement between two or more people or groups.
"The company tried conciliation to avoid a strike by the workers."
noun
The end or final part of something.
"The conclusion of the movie was very exciting."
verb
To say strongly that you do not approve of something.
"Many people condemn violence."
noun
A thin rubber or plastic tube that a man can wear on his penis during sex. It stops sperm from entering a woman's body, preventing pregnancy. It also helps to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
"He used a condom during sex to protect himself and his partner."
verb
To direct or lead something, like a group of musicians or an activity.
"The teacher is conducting a science experiment with the students."
adjective
Able to carry electricity or heat easily.
"Metal is very conductive, so it is used in wires."
noun
A statement where someone admits that they have done something wrong or illegal.
"He made a full confession to the police."
noun
Statements where someone admits they have done something wrong or illegal.
"The thief made a full confession to the police about the robbery."
noun
The feeling of being sure about your own skills and abilities.
"She has a lot of confidence in her ability to speak English."
verb
To make sure something is true or correct.
"Please confirm your email address by clicking the link in the email."
verb
To take something away from someone, usually as a punishment or because it is against the rules.
"The teacher confiscated the student's phone during class."
noun
A serious disagreement or argument.
"There was a conflict between the two brothers over the car."
verb
To make someone feel unsure or unable to understand something clearly.
"The teacher's explanation was too complicated and confused the students."
noun
The state of being crowded and blocked.
"Traffic congestion makes it hard to get to work on time."
noun
The part of you that makes you feel guilty when you do something wrong.
"My conscience told me to return the money I found."
noun
The state of being awake and aware of what is happening around you.
"After the accident, it took him a while to regain consciousness."
adjective
Following one after another in order without interruption.
"We won three consecutive games."
noun
Something that happens as a result of an action.
"If you don't study, the consequence will be a bad grade."
verb
To think carefully about something, usually before making a decision.
"Please consider my application for the job."
adjective
Thinking about the feelings and needs of other people.
"It was very considerate of you to bring flowers."
noun
Careful thought or attention.
"The company gave careful consideration to all applications."
verb
Thinking carefully about something, usually before making a decision.
"I am considering buying a new car."
adjective
Always acting or behaving in the same way.
"She is a consistent worker. She always does her job well."
noun
A secret plan made by two or more people to do something that is harmful or illegal.
"The police discovered a conspiracy to rob the bank."
verb
To secretly plan with other people to do something bad or illegal.
"The students conspired to cheat on the test."
adjective
Staying the same; not changing or stopping.
"The speed of light is a constant in physics."
noun
A feeling of worry, shock, or fear when something unexpected or unpleasant happens.
"The announcement of the sudden change in plans caused consternation among the team members."
noun
A type of snake that kills its prey by squeezing it.
"The boa constrictor is a large snake that lives in South America."
adjective
Helping to improve or build something.
"The teacher gave constructive criticism on my essay, which helped me improve it."
adverb
In a way that shows you have no respect for someone or something.
"She looked at his old clothes contemptuously."
verb
To say that something is true, especially in an argument.
"The lawyer will contend that his client is not guilty."
noun
People who take part in a contest or competition.
"The contestants on the game show were very nervous."
verb
To twist or bend something out of its normal shape.
"The accident caused him to contort his body into an unnatural position."
noun
A machine or device that looks strange or complicated, and often does not work very well.
"He built a strange contraption to catch rainwater."
noun
A clear difference between two or more things.
"There is a big contrast between summer and winter weather."
verb
To give something, such as money, help, or ideas, to a common fund or effort.
"I want to contribute to the school fundraiser."
verb
To plan or create something in a clever and inventive way, often using available resources.
"The children contrived a plan to sneak extra cookies from the jar."
noun
The power to direct or influence something.
"The driver lost control of the car on the icy road."
noun
The time you spend getting better after being sick or injured.
"After the surgery, she needed a period of convalescence at home."
adjective
Following what is normal or what people usually do.
"It's a conventional wedding with a white dress and a church."
verb
To show or express something without using words, like with a look or gesture.
"She conveyed her sadness through her tears."
verb
To make someone believe that something is true.
"I am convinced that he is telling the truth."
adjective
Very complicated and difficult to understand.
"The instructions were so convoluted that I couldn't figure out how to use the machine."
adjective
A little bit cold. Not warm or hot.
"It's a cool day today. You might need a jacket."
verb
To deal with problems or difficulties in a good way.
"It's hard to cope with the loss of a loved one."
verb
To deal with problems and try to control or reduce bad feelings.
"She is coping well with the stress of her new job."
noun
A group of people working together as a single unit, often for a special purpose.
"The Peace Corps sends young Americans to help people in other countries."
noun
A dead body, usually of a human being.
"The police found a corpse in the abandoned house."
adjective
Something that is correct is right or true. It has no mistakes.
"The answer to the math problem is correct."
noun
A long passage in a building from which doors lead into rooms.
"The hotel rooms are along a long corridor."
verb
To support a statement or theory with evidence.
"The witness's statement corroborated the victim's story."
verb
Changed from good to bad or dishonest.
"The politician was accused of being corrupted by money."
noun
The amount of money needed to buy, do, or make something.
"The cost of the book is $10."
noun
A sudden, illegal, and often violent way to take power from a government.
"The army staged a coup and took control of the country."
noun
A solid object that has six faces, where all the faces are rectangles. A cuboid is like a box.
"A brick is often shaped like a cuboid."
verb
Used to say that someone was able to do something.
"When I was younger, I could run very fast."
verb
To cancel or change an order or instruction that has already been given.
"The general had to countermand his previous order because the situation had changed."
noun
A nation with its own government, living in a particular area.
"I live in the country of Canada."
noun
A sudden, illegal, and often violent, taking of power from a government.
"The army staged a coup and took over the government."
noun
A small, sheltered bay or inlet along a coast.
"The small boat found shelter in a quiet cove."
verb
To move back or bend your body down because you are afraid.
"The dog cowered when I raised my hand."
noun
A line on the surface of something that is broken but not separated.
"There is a crack in the window."
verb
To break something so that lines appear on its surface, but it does not separate into pieces.
"The ice on the lake cracked when I walked on it."
verb
To break something, or to make something break, usually making a sharp sound.
"The ice is cracking under my feet."
verb
Moved on hands and knees or by dragging the body along the ground.
"The baby crawled across the floor."
verb
To make a sound like something old and wooden being strained or broken.
"The old wooden floor creaked as I walked across it."
noun
The quality of being believed or trusted.
"The politician lost credibility after he lied to the public."
noun
A set of beliefs or principles that a person or group believes in.
"His creed is to always be honest, no matter what."
noun
A person who is strange or unpleasant and makes you feel uncomfortable.
"He is such a creep; I don't like being near him."
noun
An action that breaks the law. It is something that people can be arrested for.
"Stealing is a crime."
verb
To move your body away from something because you are scared, disgusted, or embarrassed.
"I cringed when I saw him fall."
verb
To make a lot of small folds or lines in something.
"The woman was crinkling the paper in her hand while she waited."
noun
A time of great trouble or danger.
"The company is in a financial crisis because it is losing money."
adjective
Very important or serious.
"It is critical to follow the instructions carefully."
noun
Containers, usually made of baked clay, used for storing food or liquids.
"My grandmother keeps her pickles in big crocks in the basement."
adjective
Not straight; bent or twisted.
"The old road was crooked and winding through the mountains."
noun
Land that is crossed or traversed.
"The explorers faced a difficult journey through the crossland."
verb
To kill someone by tying or nailing them to a cross.
"Jesus Christ was crucified on a cross."
noun
A model or picture of Jesus Christ on the cross.
"She wore a crucifix around her neck."
noun
The act of killing someone by tying or nailing them to a cross.
"Crucifixion was a common way to punish criminals in ancient times."
verb
To kill someone by fastening them to a cross.
"In ancient times, the Romans would crucify criminals."
adjective
In a natural or raw state; not yet processed or refined.
"Crude oil is the raw form of petroleum that needs to be refined."
noun
Behavior that causes pain or suffering to others.
"Animal cruelty is against the law."
noun
Solid materials where the atoms or molecules are arranged in a regular, repeating pattern. They often have flat surfaces and sharp edges.
"Salt and sugar are made of small crystals."
noun
A type of bird known for the song it makes, which sounds like 'cuckoo'.
"We heard the cuckoo calling in the forest."
noun
This refers to the cuckoo bird. A cuckoo is a type of bird known for its distinctive call and its habit of laying its eggs in the nests of other birds.
"We heard the sound of the cucu in the forest."
noun
Something that makes a sick person healthy again.
"The doctor is trying to find a cure for the disease."
noun
A flow of something, like water or air, moving in a certain direction.
"The ocean currents helped the boat move faster."
noun
A piece of cloth that hangs down from the top of a window. It is used to cover the window and keep light out.
"She closed the curtains because the sun was too bright."
noun
The official department that collects taxes on goods coming into a country.
"When you arrive in a new country, you have to go through customs."
noun
An opening or wound made by something sharp.
"I got a small cut on my finger while cooking."
noun
A color that is between blue and green. It is a light blue color.
"The ocean water was a beautiful cyan color."
adjective
Believing that people are generally selfish and dishonest.
"He is cynical about politicians and their promises."
noun
A short knife with a pointed blade used for stabbing.
"The soldier carried a dagger as a weapon."
noun
A type of fabric with a pattern that is made by weaving. The pattern is usually shiny and stands out from the background.
"The queen's table was covered with a beautiful damask tablecloth."
adjective
Having a pattern woven into the fabric, often with a shiny and flat appearance. The pattern is usually created by different weaving techniques.
"The queen's room had damasked wallpaper that looked very expensive."
noun
The act of sending someone to hell or a state of eternal punishment.
"In some religions, people who commit sins may face damnation."
noun
The possibility of something bad happening.
"There is a lot of danger when you play with fire."
noun
Facts or information used for making decisions or understanding something.
"We need more data to understand the problem."
noun
A collection of information organized in a way that makes it easy to find and use.
"The library uses a database to keep track of all its books."
noun
The time of day when the sun starts to appear in the sky.
"We woke up at dawn to see the sunrise."
verb
To begin to grow light as the sun rises.
"The sun dawned, and the sky turned from black to blue."
adjective
Feeling unsteady and confused; not able to think clearly.
"The bright sun made me feel a little dazy."
noun
Something, usually money, that you owe to someone else.
"I have a debt of $100 to my friend."
noun
The act of cutting off someone's head.
"Decapitation was a common form of execution in the past."
verb
To think carefully about different choices and choose one.
"I need to decide what to wear to the party."
verb
To make a choice or come to a conclusion after considering different options.
"We decided to go to the beach this weekend."
adjective
Describes a tree or shrub that loses its leaves every year, usually in the fall.
"Oak and maple trees are deciduous; they lose their leaves in the autumn."
verb
To find the meaning of something that is difficult to understand.
"I couldn't decipher his handwriting; it was so messy."
noun
A flat, open area outside, usually made of wood, where people can sit and relax.
"We ate dinner on the deck last night."
verb
To say something clearly and openly, so that people know about it.
"She declared her love for him."
noun
Something that is used to trick someone or something, usually into going somewhere or doing something.
"The police used a decoy car to catch speeding drivers."
adjective
Very committed to a task or purpose.
"She is a dedicated teacher who always puts her students first."
noun
The act of giving a lot of time and energy to something.
"She showed great dedication to her studies and got excellent grades."
noun
The act of using logic or reason to form a conclusion or decision about something.
"The detective used deduction to find the criminal."
noun
Things that someone does; actions.
"He is known for his good deeds, like helping the poor."
adverb
In a way that shows you are not willing to obey someone or do what they want.
"The child defiantly refused to eat his vegetables."
adverb
Used to show that something is certain and without any doubt.
"I am definitely going to the party tonight."
noun
The meanings of words, phrases, or symbols.
"The dictionary gives many definitions for the word 'run'."
verb
To change the direction of something after it hits something else.
"The shield deflected the arrow."
verb
To remove or erase something, usually from a computer or other electronic device.
"I accidentally deleted the file from my computer."
adjective
done on purpose; intentional
"She made a deliberate choice to stay home instead of going out."
adjective
easily broken or damaged; fragile.
"Be careful with that glass vase; it's very delicate."
adjective
Having a very good taste or smell.
"This cake is delicious! I want another piece."
verb
to bring something to a person or place
"The mailman will deliver the package to your house."
verb
To search for something by digging or looking carefully.
"The police will delve into the company's records to find out what happened."
noun
A strong need or want for something.
"There is a high demand for new houses in the city."
adjective
Acting crazy, foolish, or strange.
"The old house looked dark and demented in the storm."
noun
A system of government where the people choose their leaders by voting.
"In a democracy, everyone has the right to vote."
noun
The study of people and populations.
"Demography helps us understand how cities grow."
verb
to show or explain something clearly
"The teacher will demonstrate how to solve the math problem."
noun
An act of showing or proving something.
"The teacher gave a demonstration of how to use the new software."
noun
The act of saying something is not true.
"He is in denial about his health problems and refuses to see a doctor."
noun
The meaning of a word, phrase, or symbol.
"The definition of 'happy' is feeling pleasure or joy."
verb
To be a sign of something; to show or indicate.
"A red sky at night can denote good weather the next day."
noun
A doctor who takes care of your teeth.
"I have an appointment with the dentist next week to clean my teeth."
verb
To leave a place, especially to start a journey.
"The train will depart from platform 3 in five minutes."
verb
To say that something should not be used anymore because it is old or not effective.
"The old software is now deprecated, and users should switch to the new version."
noun
Something that is abandoned or in very poor condition.
"The old house was derelict and unsafe."
noun
The process of forming a new word from an existing word, often by adding a prefix or suffix.
"The word 'unhappy' is a derivation of 'happy' by adding the prefix 'un-'."
adjective
Showing a lack of respect or being insulting.
"His comments about her appearance were very derogatory."
adjective
Showing a lack of respect or a low opinion of someone or something.
"The coach made a derogatory comment about the player's skills."
noun
The process of removing salt from seawater or salty water to make it suitable for drinking or irrigation.
"Desalination plants are becoming more common in countries with limited fresh water."
verb
To be worthy of something, either good or bad.
"She worked hard and deserves a good grade."
adjective
Feeling, showing, or involving a hopeless sense that a situation is so bad as to be impossible to deal with.
"They are in a desperate situation and need help immediately."
adverb
In a way that shows you are willing to do anything to change a very bad situation.
"He desperately needed a job to pay his rent."
noun
The feeling of being hopeless and wanting to do anything to change a very bad situation.
"In desperation, he sold his car to pay the rent."
preposition
Used to say that something happened or is true even though there was something that might have stopped it.
"Despite the rain, we went to the park."
noun
The act of destroying something or the state of being destroyed.
"The fire caused widespread destruction to the town."
noun
A punishment used in schools where a student is made to stay at school after classes have finished.
"He got a detention for talking in class."
noun
The process of becoming worse.
"The deterioration of his health worried his family."
noun
The quality of being firm in your decision to do something, even if it is difficult.
"She showed great determination to finish the race, even after she fell."
verb
To find out something exactly, or to discover something.
"Scientists are trying to determine what causes the disease."
adjective
Firmly decided to do something.
"She is determined to finish the race, no matter how tired she gets."
noun
Something that stops someone from doing something. It makes people afraid or unwilling to do something.
"The high price of the car was a deterrent to buying it."
verb
To explode something suddenly and with a lot of force.
"The bomb was detonating in the city center."
noun
A road or route that is used when the usual road is closed.
"There is a detour because of road work. We have to drive around the closed section."
adjective
Causing great damage or destruction.
"The hurricane was devastating to the small island."
noun
Great damage or destruction.
"The earthquake caused widespread devastation to the city."
noun
A town in Plymouth, England. It used to be a separate town, but now it is part of Plymouth.
"We visited the historic dockyard in Devonport, Plymouth."
verb
To give your time, effort, or attention completely to something you believe in or to a person.
"She decided to devote her life to helping poor people."
noun
Someone or something that eats something quickly and in a greedy way.
"The lion is a fierce devourer of meat."
adjective
Relating to the identification of a disease or problem.
"The doctor ordered a diagnostic test to find the cause of her pain."
noun
A book where you write about things that happen to you each day.
"I write in my diary every night before bed."
noun
A book that lists words in alphabetical order and gives their meanings, pronunciations, and sometimes their origins.
"I use a dictionary to find the meaning of new words."
noun
The state or condition of being hard to do or understand.
"I had a lot of difficulty understanding the lesson."
noun
The process in the body where food is broken down into smaller pieces so the body can use it for energy and growth.
"Eating too fast can cause problems with digestion."
verb
To break down food in your body so it can be used for energy.
"It takes a few hours for your body to digest food."
noun
Any of the numbers from 0 to 9. These numbers are used to make other numbers.
"The number 25 has two digits: 2 and 5."
noun
The quality of being worthy of respect or honor.
"Everyone should be treated with dignity and respect."
adjective
Showing care and hard work in what you do.
"She is a diligent student who always does her homework."
noun
A coin in the United States and Canada worth ten cents. It is smaller than a nickel and a quarter.
"I found a dime on the sidewalk."
adjective
Having dimples. A dimple is a small, natural hollow in the skin, often on the cheeks or chin.
"The baby had a dimpled chin that everyone loved."
noun
The activity of eating a meal, often in a formal or social setting.
"The dining room is decorated with beautiful paintings."
verb
To put something quickly into a liquid and take it out again.
"I like to dip my cookies in milk."
verb
To stop being visible; to vanish.
"The magician made the rabbit disappear in a puff of smoke."
adjective
Feeling sad because something you hoped for did not happen.
"I was disappointed that the store was closed."
adjective
Causing someone to feel worried, confused, or upset.
"The loud noise was disconcerting and made it hard to concentrate."
verb
To find something unexpectedly or while looking for something else.
"Scientists discovered a new planet far away."
noun
The act of treating people unfairly because of their race, age, gender, religion, or other personal characteristics.
"It is wrong to practice discrimination against people because of their skin color."
verb
To talk about something with someone, sharing ideas and opinions.
"We need to discuss the problem and find a solution."
noun
A sickness or illness that affects a person, animal, or plant.
"The doctor said I have a disease called the flu."
noun
A sickness or illness that affects a person, animal, or plant.
"Many diseases can be prevented with good hygiene."
verb
To spoil or ruin the appearance of something or someone.
"The fire disfigured his face, leaving scars."
adjective
Feeling disappointed because you have lost your belief that something is good or true.
"After working in politics for many years, she became disillusioned with the system."
verb
Breaking apart into many small pieces.
"The old book was disintegrating because it was very old and the pages were falling apart."
verb
To send someone away; to allow or tell someone to leave.
"The teacher dismissed the class early today because of the storm."
adjective
Not necessary; able to be done without.
"Paper plates are dispensable; we can use regular plates."
noun
a show or presentation of something for others to see
"The museum has a beautiful display of old paintings."
adjective
Clearly different or separate; easy to notice as not being the same.
"The twins have distinct personalities, even though they look alike."
verb
To change something so that it is no longer accurate or true.
"The news report distorted the facts, making the situation seem worse than it was."
noun
A long, narrow hole dug in the ground, often used for carrying water away from a field or road.
"The farmer dug a ditch to drain the water from his field."
verb
To get rid of something that you no longer want or need.
"He was caught ditching class to go to the movies."
adjective
Made up of many different things or people.
"The school has a diverse group of students from many countries."
adjective
Relating to a doctorate, which is the highest degree given by a university.
"She is doing doctoral research in biology."
noun
A common animal that people keep as a pet. It has four legs, fur, and barks.
"I have a dog named Max. He is very friendly."
noun
A belief or set of beliefs that is accepted by the members of a group without questions or doubt.
"The school's teaching methods are based on the dogma that children learn best through play."
verb
To have control over someone or something.
"The taller building dominated the skyline."
noun
A very bad future event that you cannot avoid.
"The newspaper predicted doom and gloom for the economy."
noun
A movable panel or barrier used to open and close an entrance to a building, room, or vehicle.
"Please close the door behind you."
noun
The frame around a door. It is made of wood or other material and holds the door in place.
"The painter carefully painted the doorframe white."
noun
A chemical in the brain that helps control movement, motivation, and pleasure. It is a type of neurotransmitter.
"Eating chocolate can release dopamine in the brain, making you feel good."
noun
A large room or building where many people sleep, often students or travelers.
"Many students live in a dormitory at the university."
noun
A thick mixture of flour and liquid (usually water or milk) that is used for making bread, cakes, cookies, and other baked goods.
"She mixed the flour, water, and yeast to make the dough for the bread."
adjective
Describes someone or something that looks plain, unfashionable, and unattractive.
"She wore a dowdy dress to the party, which didn't suit her at all."
adverb
Moving or pointing towards a lower place or level.
"The bird flew downward from the tree."
noun
Money or property that a woman's family gives to her husband when she gets married.
"In some cultures, the size of the dowry is a sign of the family's wealth."
noun
A pipe or hole that water or other liquids can flow away through.
"The sink has a drain to let the water out."
adjective
Very strong and sudden. Often used to describe actions that have a big effect.
"The company made a drastic decision to close all of its stores."
noun
A picture or image made with lines, often using a pencil, pen, or crayon.
"She made a beautiful drawing of a flower."
verb
Past participle of 'draw'. 'Draw' means to pull something or someone, or to make a picture with a pencil or pen.
"She has drawn a beautiful picture of a cat."
noun
A strong feeling of fear or worry about something that might happen.
"I dread going to the dentist."
noun
Something you see or imagine in your mind when you are sleeping.
"I had a strange dream last night about flying."
adjective
Something that is dreary is sad, gloomy, and depressing.
"The weather was dreary, with gray skies and constant rain."
verb
To make something or someone completely wet.
"The rain drenched us from head to toe."
verb
The past tense of the verb 'draw'. To draw means to make a picture using a pen, pencil, or other tool.
"She drew a beautiful picture of a flower."
verb
To let liquid fall slowly in drops or a thin stream.
"The baby dribbled food down his chin."
verb
To make a hole in something using a special tool.
"The carpenter drilled a hole in the wood."
noun
A liquid that you can swallow. It helps you stay alive and feel good.
"I need a drink of water. I'm very thirsty."
verb
To rain lightly with very small drops.
"It's drizzling outside, so you might want to take an umbrella."
noun
A long period of time when there is very little or no rain.
"The drought caused many plants to die."
adjective
Affected by alcohol to the point of losing control of physical and mental abilities.
"He was too drunk to drive home."
adjective
Not wet or moist; without water or liquid.
"The towel is dry after being in the sun."
adverb
In a dry way; without emotion or humor, often in a sarcastic way.
"She dryly commented that the meeting was a waste of time."
noun
DSG stands for Direct Shift Gearbox. It is a type of automatic gearbox used in cars.
"My new car has a DSG gearbox, so the gear changes are very fast."
verb
To lower your head or body quickly to avoid being hit or seen.
"The boy ducked when the ball came flying towards him."
noun
A man who has a very high rank in a country. Dukes are often part of the royal family or are very important nobles.
"The duke owns a very large castle."
noun
A model of a person or thing. It is often used for teaching or testing.
"The store uses a dummy to display the new clothes."
verb
To get rid of something you don't want, often in a careless way.
"He dumped all his old clothes in the trash."
noun
A pair of people or things, especially performers such as musicians or singers, who work together.
"The musical duo played a beautiful song."
adjective
Having dyslexia. Dyslexia is a learning problem that makes it hard to read, write, and spell.
"My brother is dyslexic, so reading takes him a little longer."
noun
A large, strong bird of prey. Eagles have very good eyesight and strong claws.
"The eagle soared high in the sky."
verb
To get something (usually money or respect) because you have worked for it or done something to deserve it.
"He earned a lot of money last year."
adjective
Tied to the earth; not able to leave the earth.
"The astronaut felt earthbound after spending months in space."
noun
A Christian holiday. It celebrates Jesus Christ rising from the dead.
"We eat chocolate eggs at Easter."
noun
The part of a roof that sticks out over the wall of a building.
"Rainwater dripped from the eaves after the storm."
noun
A substance that some people who believe in ghosts think comes from the body of a medium during a spiritualist meeting. A medium is someone who claims to be able to talk to dead people.
"The ghost hunter claimed to see ectoplasm forming near the medium."
noun
The use of energy to do something.
"It takes a lot of effort to learn a new language."
noun
A round or oval object laid by a female bird, reptile, fish, or insect. It usually has a shell and contains a baby animal.
"The hen laid an egg in the nest."
verb
To force someone or something to leave a place or position.
"The pilot had to eject from the plane before it crashed."
noun
The joint between your upper arm and your lower arm. It lets you bend your arm.
"My elbow hurts when I lift heavy things."
adjective
Describes people who are old or getting old.
"The elderly woman needed help crossing the street."
adjective
Relating to or using electronics. Electronics are small parts that control electricity in machines.
"My new watch is electronic. It shows the time digitally."
noun
The science and technology that deals with electric circuits and devices.
"My brother studies electronics at the university."
noun
The simple parts that something is made of.
"Water and salt are elements that make up the ocean."
adjective
Able to stretch and return to its original shape or size.
"The waistband of these pants is elastic, so they are comfortable to wear."
verb
To get or draw out (information, a reaction, or a response) from someone.
"The teacher tried to elicit answers from the students by asking clear questions."
adjective
Having the right qualities or meeting the requirements for something.
"You are eligible to vote if you are over 18 years old."
verb
To make something longer.
"The artist is elongating the figures in her painting to make them look taller."
noun
In printing, 'em' is a unit of measurement. It is equal to the current size of the font.
"The space between the words should be one em wide."
noun
A wooden plaque sold at Shinto shrines in Japan. People write prayers or wishes on them.
"Many people visiting the shrine wrote their wishes on an ema."
noun
A message sent from one computer to another over the internet.
"I sent him an email yesterday."
noun
The act of setting someone free from slavery or being controlled by someone else.
"The Emancipation Proclamation freed many enslaved people in the United States."
verb
To make a man feel less male or powerful.
"He felt that the constant criticism from his boss was emasculating."
adjective
Causing someone to feel uncomfortable, ashamed, or shy.
"It was very embarrassing when I tripped and fell in front of everyone."
verb
To fix something firmly into something else.
"The diamond was embedded in the ring."
verb
To decorate a surface with a raised design. It makes a pattern that you can feel.
"The invitation had an embossed floral design around the edges."
verb
To hold someone tightly in your arms, usually to show love or friendship.
"She embraced her friend after a long time apart."
verb
To come out of something and become visible.
"The sun will emerge from behind the clouds soon."
noun
An award given to people who work on television shows in the United States.
"She won an Emmy for her acting in the popular TV show."
verb
To give special importance or attention to something.
"The teacher will emphasize the importance of studying for the test."
noun
The process of giving someone more control over their own life or situation.
"Education is a key tool for the empowerment of women."
verb
To have formed a circle around someone or something.
"The police encircled the building to prevent anyone from escaping."
noun
A meeting, especially one that happens unexpectedly.
"I had an interesting encounter with a famous actor yesterday."
verb
To meet someone or something unexpectedly.
"I encountered an old friend at the store."
verb
To give someone hope or confidence.
"My teacher always encourages me to do my best."
verb
To give someone confidence or hope.
"My teacher was very encouraging when I was learning to play the guitar."
adjective
A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
"Malaria is endemic to many tropical countries."
adjective
Having no end or limit; going on forever.
"The sky seems endless when you look up at night."
verb
To experience something difficult or painful for a long time.
"The soldiers endured many hardships during the war."
noun
The language spoken in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, and many other countries.
"I am learning English because I want to travel."
noun
Pictures or designs cut into a surface, like wood or metal.
"The museum has a collection of old engravings."
verb
To completely cover or surround something.
"The flames engulfed the building quickly."
verb
To give someone information or understanding.
"The teacher tried to enlighten the students about the dangers of pollution."
noun
The state of understanding something very clearly.
"After reading the book, I had a moment of enlightenment about how the world works."
adjective
Very big; much larger than usual.
"The elephant was enormous; it was the biggest I had ever seen."
verb
To ask a question in order to get information.
"I want to enquire about the price of this shirt."
noun
A difficult or complicated situation or relationship.
"The company is trying to get out of a legal entanglement."
noun
A strong feeling of excitement and interest about something.
"The children showed great enthusiasm for the school trip."
noun
A strong feeling of excitement and interest about something.
"The children showed great enthusiasm for the school trip."
adjective
Feeling or showing a lot of excitement and interest about something.
"She is very enthusiastic about her new job."
verb
To give someone the right to do or have something.
"Having a ticket does not entitle you to a seat. You might still have to stand."
noun
A person who starts their own business, especially when this involves seeing a new opportunity, taking risks, and working hard.
"She is a successful entrepreneur who built her company from scratch."
verb
To say or pronounce words clearly.
"The teacher told the students to enunciate each word carefully."
noun
A short collection of songs, usually shorter than a full album but longer than a single.
"The band released an EP before their first full album."
adjective
Lasting for only a short time.
"Life is ephemeral; we should enjoy every moment."
noun
A disease that spreads quickly and affects many people at the same time in one area.
"There was an epidemic of the flu last winter."
noun
A surgical cut made in the area between the vagina and the anus during childbirth.
"The doctor decided to perform an episiotomy to speed up the delivery."
noun
Words written on a gravestone or monument to remember a dead person.
"The epitaph on his gravestone read, 'Rest in peace.'"
noun
A period of time in history that is special or important.
"The invention of the printing press marked a new epoch in human history."
noun
Something that has the same value, amount, meaning, or effect as something else.
"One dollar is equivalent to about 100 Japanese yen."
noun
Erosions are the process of soil, rock, or land being slowly worn away by wind, water, or other natural forces.
"The heavy rain caused erosions along the riverbank."
adjective
Known or understood by only a few people who have special knowledge.
"The professor's lecture was so esoteric that most of the students didn't understand it."
noun
Extra-Sensory Perception. This means the ability to know things without using your five senses (sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch). Some people believe they can read minds or see the future using ESP.
"Some people believe they have ESP and can predict the future."
noun
A short piece of writing about a particular subject. It often expresses a person's opinion or tells a story.
"She wrote an essay about her favorite book for her English class."
noun
The most important quality or meaning of something.
"The essence of friendship is trust."
verb
To start or create something that will last for a long time.
"The company wants to establish a new branch in another city."
noun
A business or organization.
"This restaurant is a popular eating establishment."
noun
A large area of land owned by one person or family. It often includes a big house.
"The rich man lived in a large estate with many gardens."
verb
To cut lines into a surface, like glass or metal, using acid or a sharp tool.
"The artist etched a beautiful design onto the glass vase."
noun
A picture or design that is printed from a metal plate after cutting lines into it with acid.
"He bought an etching of the Eiffel Tower."
adjective
Lasting forever; never ending.
"Some people believe in eternal life after death."
noun
A set of moral principles that guide a person's behavior.
"Doctors have a professional ethic to protect their patients."
noun
Moral principles that control a person's behavior or how they do an activity.
"A doctor has a professional ethic to help their patients."
noun
The study of the origin and history of words.
"The etymology of the word 'computer' shows its original meaning was a person who did calculations."
verb
To have moved people from a dangerous place to a safe place.
"The police evacuated the building because of a fire."
verb
To remove people from a dangerous place.
"The police told everyone to evacuate the building because of the fire."
verb
To decide how good, useful, or important something is.
"The teacher will evaluate your test and give you a grade."
adjective
Related to a Christian group that believes in spreading their faith and teaching the Bible.
"She attends an evangelical church every Sunday."
verb
To change from a liquid into a gas.
"The water in the pot will evaporate if you leave it on the stove for too long."
adverb
at any time; used to ask if something has happened or existed before.
"Have you ever been to Japan?"
determiner
Used to refer to all the members of a group of people or things, thought of individually.
"Every student in the class passed the test."
noun
Facts, objects, or signs that show something is true.
"The police found evidence that he was at the scene of the crime."
adjective
Easy to see or understand; obvious.
"It was evident that she was tired because she kept yawning."
verb
To change or develop slowly over time.
"Technology continues to evolve at a rapid pace."
verb
Changing or developing slowly over a long period of time.
"The company is evolving its products to meet the changing needs of customers."
verb
To look at something very carefully to find out more about it.
"The doctor examines the patient to find out what is wrong."
verb
To dig something out of the ground.
"The workers excavated the site to build a new house."
noun
Something that does not follow the general rule or what is expected.
"Most students have to wear a uniform, but there is an exception for students with special needs."
adjective
Unusually good; outstanding.
"She is an exceptional student and always gets good grades."
verb
Leaving a place or situation.
"The people are exiting the movie theater after the film ended."
noun
The act of forcing an evil spirit to leave a person or place.
"The priest performed an exorcism to rid the house of evil spirits."
noun
A test or trial done to find out something or to see if something works.
"The scientists did an experiment to see how plants grow in different soils."
noun
A person who knows a lot about a specific subject or skill.
"She is an expert in computer programming."
noun
Special skill or knowledge in a particular subject or activity.
"She has a lot of expertise in computer programming."
verb
To make something clear or easy to understand.
"The teacher will explain the lesson to the students."
noun
Brave or exciting acts; things that someone does that are special or amazing.
"The story was about the hero's brave exploits in saving the town."
verb
To stop a fire from burning.
"The firefighter is extinguishing the flames with water."
adjective
More than what is normal, expected, or needed.
"I brought an extra blanket in case you get cold."
adjective
Relating to or using senses beyond the normal five senses (sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch).
"Some people believe they have extrasensory perception."
adjective
Very great in degree; going far beyond what is usual or normal.
"The weather is getting extreme; it's either very hot or very cold."
verb
To remove someone or something from a difficult or dangerous situation.
"The firefighters extricated the driver from the wrecked car."
adjective
Liking to be with other people.
"She is very extroverted and loves going to parties."
verb
To make or build something, usually by putting different parts together.
"The company fabricated the metal parts for the bridge."
verb
To make something easier or help it happen.
"The new software will facilitate our work."
verb
To make something easier or more likely to happen.
"The new software facilitated the process of creating reports."
noun
All the teachers in a school or university.
"The faculty of the university are very experienced."
noun
A scale used to measure temperature. Water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit and boils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit.
"The temperature today is 75 degrees Fahrenheit."
noun
A type of bird that is known for flying very fast and hunting other birds and small animals.
"The falcon soared through the sky, looking for its next meal."
noun
Gas from the body that comes out through the bottom.
"He accidentally made a fart during the meeting."
adverb
Used to say something is a greater distance away.
"My house is farther from the school than yours."
adjective
The quickest in a race or competition.
"Usain Bolt is known as the fastest runner in the world."
noun
The idea that events will happen in a certain way, and you cannot control them.
"Some people believe that it was fate that brought them together."
noun
The act of digging in the ground to find things like old buildings or objects.
"The excavation of the ancient city revealed many interesting artifacts."
noun
A bad feeling you get when you think you are in danger.
"Many people have a fear of spiders."
adjective
Causing fear; something that makes you feel afraid.
"The dragon was a fearsome creature with sharp teeth and claws."
noun
A light, fluffy thing that grows on birds' bodies. Feathers help birds fly and keep them warm.
"The bird lost a feather as it flew away."
noun
The long, thin parts on the head of an insect or other animal that it uses to feel things.
"The ant used its feelers to find food."
verb
To notice something through your senses, like touch, smell, or sight.
"I felt the cold wind on my face."
adjective
Able to produce many plants or crops.
"The soil in this area is very fertile, so farmers can grow a lot of food."
noun
The process of combining male and female cells to start the growth of a new plant, animal, or human.
"Fertilization happens when a sperm meets an egg to start a baby."
noun
A special time or event when people celebrate something.
"We have a music festival in our town every summer."
verb
To go and get something or someone and bring them back.
"Please fetch me a glass of water from the kitchen."
noun
An object that people believe has special powers to protect them or bring them good luck.
"Some people carry a lucky charm as a fetish."
noun
An open area of land, often used for farming or sports.
"The farmer planted corn in the field."
noun
A long speech made to delay or prevent a vote on a bill in a legislature.
"The senator threatened to filibuster the bill if his demands were not met."
verb
To lose your job because your boss doesn't want you to work there anymore. It means you are no longer employed.
"John was fired from his job because he was always late."
noun
An animal that lives in water. Fish have fins and breathe with gills.
"I saw a colorful fish in the aquarium."
verb
To repair something that is broken or not working properly.
"Can you fix my bicycle? It has a flat tire."
verb
To wave or swing your arms or legs in a wild and uncontrolled way.
"The swimmer was flailing in the water, trying to stay afloat."
noun
A natural quality or talent.
"She has a flair for languages; she learns them very quickly."
noun
A small, thin piece of something that has broken off from a larger piece.
"The old paint started to flake off the wall."
noun
A region in northern Belgium. It is known for its history, art, and culture.
"Many famous paintings were made in Flanders during the 15th century."
verb
To be on either side of someone or something.
"The president was flanked by his advisors during the press conference."
noun
A scene in a story, movie, or TV show that shows something that happened in the past.
"The movie used a flashback to show the character's childhood."
verb
To shine brightly and suddenly for a short time.
"The camera flashed when I took the picture."
adjective
Having a smooth, even surface without curves, bumps, or hollows.
"The table has a flat surface, so it is easy to write on."
verb
To show something off in a proud way, so that other people will notice it.
"She likes to flaunt her new car to her friends."
noun
A small mistake or weakness in something. It makes it less perfect.
"The plan had a major flaw, so it didn't work."
verb
To bend an arm or leg, making the muscles tighter and bigger.
"The bodybuilder liked to flex his biceps to show how strong he was."
verb
To move something with a quick, light snapping motion.
"He flicked the dust off his shirt."
verb
To shine with a light that is not steady. It goes on and off quickly.
"The candle flame flickered in the wind."
verb
To move your body quickly because you are afraid or in pain.
"He flinched when the loud noise happened."
adjective
Not serious about something that other people think you should be serious about.
"It's easy to be flippant when you're not the one suffering."
verb
To behave as if you are interested in someone romantically, but not in a serious way.
"She was flirting with the waiter to get better service."
verb
Past tense and past participle of 'flog'. To hit someone hard many times with a whip or stick as a punishment.
"The captain flogged the sailor for disobeying orders. (Meaning 1)"
noun
The flat surface of a room on which you walk.
"The floor in the kitchen is made of tile."
noun
A pipe or channel that carries smoke and hot air away from a fireplace, stove, or furnace.
"The smoke goes up the flue."
noun
A small amount of snow or rain that falls for a short time.
"We saw a flurry of snow this morning."
adjective
Liking something very much; having a strong feeling of affection.
"She is very fond of her cat."
noun
A note at the bottom of a page in a book or document that gives more information about something.
"The book uses footnotes to explain difficult words."
adjective
Looking unfriendly or likely to cause fear or dislike.
"The castle looked forbidding on top of the hill."
noun
The part of your face above your eyes and below your hair.
"She has a high forehead."
noun
The ability to see what might happen in the future.
"The company showed great foresight by investing in new technology."
noun
The science and art of managing forests and woodlands.
"He studied forestry in college."
noun
The way something is arranged or organized.
"The teacher asked us to write the essay in a specific format."
adjective
Causing fear or respect because of being large, powerful, or difficult.
"The mountain looked formidable and hard to climb."
verb
to create or develop a plan, idea, or method carefully
"She took time to formulate a good answer before speaking."
verb
To be forsaken means to be left alone or abandoned by someone who should have stayed.
"The lost dog looked sad and forsaken."
adjective
Ready or about to appear or happen soon.
"The new book is forthcoming next month."
noun
A factory where metal is melted and poured into molds to make different shapes.
"The workers at the foundry make engine parts."
noun
A bed with four tall posts, one at each corner, that are often connected by a canopy (a cloth covering).
"The hotel room had a beautiful four-poster bed with silk sheets."
noun
A bed with four posts, one at each corner, that support a canopy (a cloth covering) or curtains.
"The queen slept in a large fourposter bed."
verb
To break or crack something, especially a bone.
"She fractured her arm when she fell off her bike."
adjective
Easily broken or damaged.
"The glass vase is very fragile, so be careful when you move it."
verb
To put something in a frame, like a picture or a mirror.
"I framed the photo of my family."
adjective
Not costing any money; you don't have to pay for it.
"The tickets to the museum are free on Tuesdays."
noun
Goods that are transported in large quantities by ship, plane, train, or truck.
"The company sends freight all over the world."
noun
A state of wild excitement or uncontrolled activity.
"The crowd was in a frenzy after the team won the game."
noun
A person who you like and enjoy being with.
"She is my best friend. We have known each other since we were kids."
noun
A decorative border of hanging threads or cords.
"The curtain has fringes at the bottom."
adjective
Not serious or important.
"Buying a new car when you can't afford to pay rent is a frivolous decision."
noun
The part of something that faces forward or is most important.
"The front of the car was damaged in the accident."
verb
Past tense and past participle of the verb 'front'.
"The building was fronted with a large garden."
noun
the quality of being careful with money or resources
"Her frugality helped her save money for a new car."
adjective
Feeling annoyed and upset because you cannot do something you are trying to do.
"I felt frustrated because I couldn't fix the broken computer."
verb
To have sex with someone.
"They were caught having a fuck in the back of the car. (noun - sexual intercourse)"
noun
Something that is burned to create energy. This energy can be used to power machines or provide heat.
"Cars need fuel, like gasoline, to run."
noun
People who are running away, especially from the police or other authority, to avoid being caught.
"The police are looking for the fugitives who escaped from the prison."
noun
A type of music where a short tune is introduced by one instrument or voice and then repeated by others in a complex way.
"Bach wrote many famous fugues for the organ."
verb
To do something that is necessary or that you have promised to do.
"He managed to fulfil all his duties."
noun
Smoke, gas, or something similar that smells strong or is dangerous to breathe in.
"The car exhaust was giving off toxic fumes."
noun
The base or foundation on which something stands or is supported.
"Honesty is a fundament of any good relationship."
adjective
Basic and important.
"Reading and writing are fundamental skills for success."
noun
A ceremony for a dead person. It often includes a religious service.
"Many people went to the funeral to say goodbye to their friend."
verb
To wrap or roll something tightly and hold it together.
"The sailor furled the sails because the wind was too strong."
adverb
In a way that shows you want to avoid being noticed, usually because you are doing something wrong or embarrassing.
"He looked furtively around the room, hoping no one would see him."
noun
A long pole with a hook on the end. It is used for pulling large fish onto a boat.
"The fisherman used a gaff to pull the tuna into the boat."
noun
Something put in or over someone's mouth to stop them from speaking or making noise.
"The robber used a cloth as a gag to keep the victim quiet."
verb
Past tense and past participle of 'gag'. To prevent someone from speaking or making a noise by putting something in their mouth or tying something around their mouth.
"The robbers gagged the hostages to keep them quiet."
noun
An activity that you do for fun, often with rules and a winner.
"Let's play a game of soccer in the park."
noun
a piece of land next to a house where you grow flowers, vegetables, or grass
"She grows beautiful roses in her garden."
noun
A stone figure that is often found on old buildings. Gargoyles usually look like strange or scary creatures.
"The old church had many gargoyles on its roof."
noun
A filter in an airplane's fuel system. It removes water and dirt from the fuel before it reaches the engine.
"The pilot checked the gascolator before taking off to make sure there was no water in the fuel."
verb
To breathe in suddenly and loudly with your mouth open because you are surprised, shocked, or in pain.
"She gasped when she saw the surprise party."
adjective
Awkward or lacking social grace; not polite or well-mannered.
"It would be gauche to ask how much money someone makes."
noun
A beautiful stone that has been cut and polished and is used in jewelry.
"The queen wore a necklace with many gems."
verb
To make a broad statement or idea based on specific examples.
"He generalized his experiences to apply to all students."
adjective
Related to geometry, which is the study of shapes, sizes, and positions of things.
"The artist used geometric shapes in his painting."
noun
A movement you make with your hands, arms, or body to express an idea or feeling.
"She made a welcoming gesture with her hands."
noun
Movements you make with your hands, arms, or body to show your feelings or ideas.
"He used a lot of hand gestures while he was talking."
verb
To receive or obtain something. It means to come to have something.
"I will get a present for my birthday."
noun
A unit for measuring the size of computer data.
"This movie is about 2 gigabytes in size."
adverb
In a careful and cautious way.
"She gingerly touched the hot stove to see if it was still warm."
noun
The main point or most important part of something.
"I didn't understand the whole story, but I got the gist of it."
verb
To gather leftover grain or other crops after they have been harvested.
"After the farmers harvested the wheat, the villagers gleaned the remaining stalks from the field."
noun
A feeling of sadness or being without hope.
"The dark clouds brought a feeling of gloom to the picnic."
noun
A list of difficult or special words with their meanings, usually found at the end of a book.
"The book has a glossary to help readers understand the technical terms."
verb
To look at someone in an angry or bad-tempered way.
"The teacher glowered at the student who was talking during the lesson."
verb
To grind or strike the teeth together, often making a loud noise.
"He was gnashing his teeth in anger when he heard the bad news."
noun
Something that you want to do or achieve in the future.
"My goal is to learn English fluently."
noun
A being that some people believe is the creator and ruler of the universe.
"Many people believe in God."
noun
A hormone that affects the gonads (ovaries in females and testes in males).
"The doctor checked her gonadotropin levels to see if she was pregnant."
adjective
Something that is of high quality or that works well.
"This is a good book. I like it very much."
noun
Friendly and helpful feelings towards other people or countries.
"The company's success is due to the goodwill it has built with its customers over many years."
adjective
Silly or funny in a way that is a little bit strange.
"He made a goofy face to make the baby laugh."
verb
To search for information on the internet using the Google search engine.
"I need to google how to bake a cake."
noun
A bump on the skin that is caused by cold, fear, or excitement.
"I got goosies when I heard the scary story."
noun
A narrow valley between hills or mountains, often with steep, rocky walls and a stream running through it.
"The river flows through a beautiful gorge."
noun
A wild plant with yellow flowers and sharp thorns. It grows in open areas, especially in the countryside.
"The hills were covered in bright yellow gorse."
verb
To receive or obtain something. It means to be given something or to get something for yourself.
"I got a present for my birthday."
noun
A person who is part of the goth subculture. They often like dark clothes, music, and art.
"She is a goth; she always wears black clothes and heavy makeup."
verb
To make a deep, narrow cut or hole in something with a sharp tool.
"The carpenter was gouging the wood to make a decorative pattern."
noun
A person who enjoys eating good food and knows a lot about it.
"He is a gourmet who loves to try new restaurants."
noun
A short way to say 'government'. It means the group of people who control a country or area.
"The gov is trying to make new laws."
noun
The leader of a state or territory in some countries, like the United States.
"The governor of California is responsible for making important decisions for the state."
noun
A cup or dish that, according to legend, was used by Jesus Christ at the Last Supper. It is said to have special powers.
"The knights searched for the Holy Grail for many years."
noun
A friendly and informal name for a grandmother.
"My grammie always bakes the best cookies."
noun
An award given by the Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievements in the music industry.
"She won a Grammy for her new song."
adjective
Seeming very impressive or grand, but not always practical or realistic.
"The company had grandiose plans to build a huge skyscraper, but they didn't have enough money."
noun
An amount of money given by a government, organization, or person for a special purpose.
"The school received a grant to buy new computers."
verb
To agree to give someone something they asked for.
"The teacher is granting the students extra time to finish the test."
verb
To fight or struggle with someone, often by holding onto them.
"The wrestlers were grappling on the mat, trying to get the upper hand."
verb
To take hold of something firmly with your hands.
"He tried to grasp the rope to pull himself up."
noun
The feeling of being happy or satisfied because you have done something good or achieved a goal.
"She felt a sense of gratification after finishing the difficult project."
noun
A hole in the ground where a dead body is buried.
"My grandfather's grave is in the local cemetery."
adverb
In a serious or solemn way.
"The doctor spoke to the patient gravely about his health."
noun
Water that has been used in your house, but it is not toilet water. It comes from sinks, showers, and washing machines.
"The city encourages people to use graywater to water their gardens."
noun
A small piece of grease or fatty material.
"There was a small greasel on the stove after cooking bacon."
noun
The feeling of being thankful and appreciative for something good that has happened or something someone has done for you.
"She showed her gratitude by sending a thank-you note."
verb
Feeling very sad because someone you love has died.
"She is grieving for her lost pet."
noun
The act of crushing or reducing something to small pieces by rubbing it against a rough surface.
"The grinding of the coffee beans filled the kitchen with a rich aroma."
noun
Food and other things that you buy at a store.
"I need to buy some groceries at the store."
noun
A long, narrow cut or channel made in a surface.
"The record player needle got stuck in a groove."
adjective
Very unpleasant and makes you feel disgusted. It can be about something you see, smell, taste, or touch.
"That food looks gross! I don't want to eat it."
verb
To prevent someone from doing something they want to do, usually as a punishment.
"My parents grounded me for not doing my homework."
noun
A number of people or things that are together in the same place or that are connected in some way.
"A group of friends went to the park."
noun
A strong feeling of anger and dislike for someone who you think has treated you badly.
"She still holds a grudge against her sister for borrowing her clothes without asking."
noun
A bad-tempered or unhappy person.
"My grandpa is a bit of a grump in the morning before he has his coffee."
noun
A style of rock music that was popular in the early 1990s. Grunge music often has a raw, unpolished sound.
"Nirvana was a very popular grunge band."
noun
A short, low sound that comes from the throat.
"The pig made a loud grunt when I tried to move it."
noun
A type of paint similar to watercolor, but thicker and more opaque (not see-through).
"She used gouache to paint a colorful sunset."
noun
An idea or opinion about something without knowing all the facts.
"I have a guess about who took the cookies. I think it was Tom."
adjective
Feeling bad because you did something wrong.
"I feel guilty because I ate all the cookies."
noun
A musical instrument with strings that you play by strumming or plucking.
"He plays the guitar in a band."
noun
A type of bird that lives near the sea. Gulls are usually white or gray and have long wings.
"The gull flew over the ocean looking for fish."
adjective
A sound that is made in the back of the throat and sounds rough or harsh.
"The dog made a guttural growl when the stranger approached."
noun
A room or building with equipment for physical exercise.
"I go to the gym three times a week to stay healthy."
noun
Something that you see, hear, smell, taste, or feel that is not really there.
"The fever caused him to have hallucinations; he saw strange animals in his room."
noun
A long, narrow passage inside a building that connects rooms.
"The children were running in the hallway."
adverb
In a way that is not smooth or continuous; with pauses and hesitations.
"She spoke haltingly, trying to find the right words."
verb
To put handcuffs on someone. Handcuffs are metal rings that lock around a person's wrists to prevent them from moving their hands.
"The police officer was handcuffing the suspect."
noun
Understanding something after it has happened. It is seeing the past clearly, and knowing what you should have done.
"With hindsight, I should have saved more money when I had a good job."
noun
The act of killing someone by tying a rope around their neck and letting them drop.
"The picture is hanging on the wall."
noun
A long spear with a rope tied to it. It is used to hunt large fish or whales.
"The sailors used a harpoon to catch a big fish."
noun
A male given name, common in Muslim communities.
"Hasan is a very common name in many Muslim countries."
verb
To feel a strong dislike for someone or something.
"I hate doing homework after school."
noun
A large amount of something that is stolen or obtained illegally.
"The thieves got a big haul from the bank robbery."
verb
To pull or drag something with effort.
"The fishermen are hauling the nets onto the boat."
adjective
Having a head of a particular type or in a particular condition.
"The team is headed for victory. (going towards victory)"
noun
A title at the top of a page or section of writing.
"The heading of this chapter is 'Introduction'."
adjective
Not paying attention to something or someone.
"He was heedless of the warnings and drove too fast."
noun
A very bad place where some people believe bad people go after they die.
"Some religions teach that bad people go to hell after death."
verb
To bleed heavily, usually indicating a serious medical condition.
"The injured soldier was hemorrhaging blood and needed immediate medical attention."
noun
A circular or oval-shaped area, often used for ceremonies or rituals, that is surrounded by a bank and a ditch. It often includes large stones or wooden posts.
"Stonehenge is a famous example of a henge."
noun
A person who carries important news or messages, especially in the past.
"The robin is often seen as a herald of spring."
noun
The act of pausing or being slow to speak or act because you are unsure or nervous.
"There was a moment of hesitation before she answered the question."
verb
To put something or someone in a place where they cannot be easily seen or found.
"The cat likes to hide under the bed."
noun
A drink made of a strong alcohol (like whiskey or rum) mixed with a larger amount of a non-alcoholic mixer (like soda water or ginger ale). It is usually served in a tall glass with ice.
"He ordered a whiskey highball at the bar."
noun
Understanding a situation or event only after it has happened.
"With hindsight, I should have studied harder for the test."
noun
The study of things that happened in the past.
"I like to read books about history."
adjective
Very dramatic and exaggerated in behavior or speech. Someone who is histrionic acts in an overly emotional way to get attention.
"She gave a histrionic performance, crying and screaming for attention."
adjective
Very dramatic and exaggerated, often in a way that seems artificial or insincere.
"She gave a histrionic speech about the importance of recycling."
verb
To walk in an awkward way because of pain or injury in the leg or foot.
"After she fell, she was hobbling around the house."
noun
A person or thing that lifts or raises something heavy.
"The hoister at the construction site lifted the heavy bricks to the top floor."
verb
To take and keep something in your hand or arms.
"Please hold my bag while I tie my shoes."
verb
Past tense and past participle of 'home'. It means to go home or to direct something towards a home or target.
"The birds homed to their nests before the storm."
verb
To make something sharper or more effective.
"The chef uses a stone to hone his knives every day."
noun
Someone who drives a car in a dangerous and reckless way on public roads.
"The police caught the hoon speeding down the street."
noun
A device that makes a loud warning sound, like a siren or horn.
"The factory's hooter goes off at 5 PM to signal the end of the workday."
noun
A heated building made of glass, used for growing plants that need warmth and protection.
"The farmer grows tomatoes in hothouses during the winter."
noun
A place where you can connect to the internet using Wi-Fi.
"This cafe is a great hotspot for students who need to study online."
noun
A building where people live. It gives shelter and protection.
"I live in a small house with my family."
verb
To come close together in a group, usually because of cold, fear, or need for comfort.
"The children huddled together to keep warm."
adjective
Not thinking that you are better than other people.
"He is a humble man, even though he is very successful."
noun
A person or thing that makes a humming sound.
"I could hear the hummer of the refrigerator in the quiet kitchen."
verb
To bend your back and shoulders forward to make yourself smaller or protect yourself.
"The old man hunched over his walking stick."
verb
To throw something with a lot of force.
"The baseball player hurled the ball to the catcher."
noun
A type of strong storm with very high winds and heavy rain. Hurricanes form over warm ocean waters.
"The hurricane caused a lot of damage to the houses near the coast."
adjective
Having a strong attraction to water. A hydrophilic substance mixes well with water.
"Cotton is a hydrophilic material, which is why it's good for towels."
adjective
Describes something that does not like water. It repels or fails to mix with water.
"Oil is hydrophobic; it doesn't mix with water."
noun
The things you do to keep yourself and your surroundings clean, in order to prevent illness or disease.
"Good personal hygiene, like washing your hands often, helps prevent the spread of germs."
noun
A short line (-) that joins two words together or separates parts of a word.
"The word 'well-being' uses a hyphen."
noun
A special state of mind where a person is very relaxed and open to suggestions.
"The magician used hypnosis to make the volunteer believe he was a chicken."
noun
An idea or explanation that is not yet proven to be true.
"Scientists made a hypothesis about why the plants were dying."
adjective
Very famous and representing a particular idea or a time.
"Marilyn Monroe is an iconic figure of the 1950s."
noun
Something that is perfect or the best possible thing.
"The beach is an ideal place to relax."
noun
A person who believes that it is possible to live according to very high standards of behavior and honesty.
"She is an idealist who believes that everyone is good at heart."
verb
To know and say who someone is or what something is.
"Can you identify the bird in that picture?"
noun
A group of words whose meaning is different from the meaning of the individual words if you looked them up separately. It's a common expression that has a figurative meaning.
"The phrase 'raining cats and dogs' is an idiom. It means it's raining very heavily."
noun
A group of words whose meaning is different from the meaning of the individual words if you put them together.
""It's raining cats and dogs" is an idiom that means it's raining very hard."
verb
To start a fire; to cause something to burn.
"The camper used a match to ignite the campfire."
noun
A state in the United States of America. It is located in the Midwest region.
"Chicago is the largest city in Illinois."
verb
To light something up; to make it brighter.
"The street lights illuminate the road at night."
noun
Something that looks or seems different from what it really is.
"The magician created the illusion of a woman floating in the air."
verb
To form a picture or idea in your mind about something.
"Imagine you are on a beach. What do you see?"
verb
To fill something or someone with a quality or feeling.
"The artist's paintings are imbued with a sense of sadness."
adverb
In a way that is too large or great to be measured or understood.
"The support we received from our friends helped us immeasurably during our difficult time."
adjective
Something that is imminent is likely to happen very soon.
"The dark clouds suggest that rain is imminent."
adjective
Impossible to pass through or enter.
"The forest was so thick, it was almost impenetrable."
adjective
Rude and not showing respect, especially to someone older or in a higher position.
"It was impertinent of him to interrupt the teacher."
noun
Possible results or effects of an action or decision.
"The new law has many important implications for businesses."
verb
To be kept in a prison or similar place.
"The thief was imprisoned for five years."
noun
Behavior that is very rude and disrespectful. It means being bold and showing a lack of respect for someone.
"The student showed impudence by talking back to the teacher."
noun
A sudden strong wish or need to do something.
"I had an impulse to buy that new shirt, even though I didn't need it."
adjective
Acting or done without thinking carefully first.
"She is an impulsive person who often buys things she doesn't need."
preposition
Used to show something is inside or surrounded by something else.
"The cat is in the box."
noun
A series of words said as a magic spell or charm.
"The wizard spoke an incantation to open the door."
noun
A person, usually a man, who feels unable to find someone to have sex with. They often believe this is unfair and blame society or women for their situation.
"He described himself as an incel because he had never had a girlfriend."
adjective
Continuing without stopping.
"The baby's incessant crying kept me awake all night."
noun
Sexual relations between people who are closely related by blood. This is often against the law and considered morally wrong in many societies.
"Incest is illegal in most countries."
verb
To burn something completely until it turns to ash.
"The documents were incinerated to prevent them from being read by the enemy."
verb
To start a line of text farther from the edge of the page than the other lines.
"You should indent the first line of each paragraph."
noun
The act of starting a line of text further from the margin than the other lines.
"The first line of each paragraph should have an indentation."
noun
A sign that something exists or is likely to happen.
"The dark clouds are an indication of rain."
adverb
In a way that shows you are angry and surprised because you think something is not fair or right.
"She indignantly refused to apologize, saying she had done nothing wrong."
adjective
Not going straight to the point or goal.
"He asked an indirect question because he didn't want to be rude."
adjective
Absolutely necessary; something you cannot do without.
"Water is indispensable for life. We need it to survive."
adjective
Not using time, energy, or resources in the best way.
"The old computer was very inefficient and took a long time to do simple tasks."
adjective
Sure to happen; impossible to avoid.
"Getting older is inevitable; everyone ages."
adverb
In a way that cannot be stopped or changed.
"The tide inexorably rose, covering the beach."
noun
A very young child, usually from birth to about one year old.
"The infant was sleeping peacefully in her crib."
verb
To affect a person, animal, or plant with a disease-causing organism.
"The cut on his arm got infected."
adjective
Relating to hell or the underworld.
"The heat was infernal, making it hard to breathe."
noun
A very large fire that is hard to control.
"The firefighters bravely battled the inferno to save the people inside the building."
noun
The infinitive is the basic form of a verb. It often starts with the word 'to'.
"In the sentence 'I want to eat pizza', 'to eat' is the infinitive."
noun
The state of being endless or without limit.
"The universe seems to stretch out to infinity."
noun
A place in a school, prison, or factory where people can go if they are sick or injured.
"Students who feel unwell can visit the school infirmary."
verb
To cause something unpleasant or painful to be suffered by someone or something.
"The bully tried to inflict pain on the smaller child."
verb
To cause something unpleasant to be experienced by someone.
"The bully was inflicting pain on the smaller child."
noun
The power to affect someone or something.
"Her parents had a big influence on her career choices."
noun
Facts or details about something or someone.
"I need more information about the new product."
noun
The act of breaking a law or rule.
"Downloading music illegally is an infringement of copyright law."
verb
To fill something or someone with a quality or feeling.
"The chef infused the olive oil with garlic and herbs."
verb
To receive something from someone who has died. This is usually money, property, or other valuable things.
"She will inherit a lot of money from her grandfather."
noun
The ability to start things on your own.
"She showed initiative by starting the project without being asked."
noun
Damage to your body. It can be caused by an accident or attack.
"He got an injury while playing soccer."
noun
A narrow strip of water that goes from a large body of water (like the sea or a lake) into the land.
"The boats sailed into the quiet inlet."
adjective
Something you are born with. It is a part of your nature.
"Babies have an innate ability to cry."
adjective
Not guilty of a crime or wrongdoing.
"The jury believed the man was innocent of the crime."
noun
The creation of a new idea, product, or method.
"This company is known for its constant innovation in technology."
adjective
Unable to be separated or divided.
"Salt and pepper are often considered inseparable partners in cooking."
adjective
Something that is insidious is dangerous because it seems harmless or not important at first, but it slowly and secretly causes harm or damage.
"The effects of smoking can be insidious, slowly damaging your lungs over many years."
noun
A sudden clear understanding of something or part of something.
"The book gives a lot of insight into the daily lives of people living in poverty."
noun
A deep understanding of a person, thing, or situation.
"The book gives us new insights into the causes of the war."
verb
To say very strongly that something must be done or is true.
"I insist that you come to the party. It will be fun!"
verb
To look at something very carefully to check its quality or condition.
"The mechanic inspected the car's engine for any problems."
noun
A feeling that makes you want to do something or that gives you new and creative ideas.
"The beautiful sunset was the inspiration for her painting."
verb
To give someone the desire, confidence, or enthusiasm to do something well.
"The teacher inspired her students to work hard."
adverb
Happening or done immediately; without any delay.
"The food was cooked instantly in the microwave."
adverb
In place of someone or something else.
"I didn't want coffee, so I ordered tea instead."
noun
A natural way of behaving or reacting that people and animals are born with. It's something you do without thinking or learning it.
"Birds know how to build nests by instinct."
adjective
Based on instinct; relating to or prompted by instinct.
"The bird's instinctual behavior led it to build a nest."
noun
A large and important organization, such as a university, bank, or hospital.
"Harvard University is a famous institution of higher learning."
adjective
Necessary and important as a part of a whole.
"Good teamwork is integral to the success of this project."
verb
To have in mind as a purpose or plan.
"I intended to call you yesterday, but I got busy."
adjective
Very strong, powerful, or extreme.
"The sun was very intense today, and I got a sunburn."
noun
The strength or degree of something.
"The intensity of the sun was very high today."
noun
The act of stopping someone from doing something.
"The government's interference in the economy is not helpful."
verb
To say something suddenly and quickly while someone else is talking.
"He interjected a question during the lecture."
noun
A short period of time between the parts of a play, movie, concert, or other event.
"The band played a quiet song as an interlude between their louder hits."
adjective
Being in the middle; between two things, places, or levels.
"This class is for intermediate English learners."
adverb
Stopping and starting often and not regularly.
"It rained intermittently all day."
noun
The period in the cell cycle when the cell grows and prepares for cell division. It is the time between cell divisions.
"The cell spends most of its life cycle in interphase."
verb
To stop someone from continuing what they are saying or doing by saying or doing something yourself.
"Please don't interrupt me when I'm talking."
verb
To ask someone questions in a thorough and often forceful way.
"The police will interrogate the suspect about the crime."
verb
To stop someone from speaking by saying or doing something.
"Please don't interrupt me when I'm talking."
verb
To scatter things among or within other things.
"The garden had flowers interspersed with herbs."
adjective
Making you feel worried, nervous, or afraid.
"The big dog looked intimidating, but it was actually very friendly."
adjective
Not willing to accept ideas or ways of behaving that are different from your own.
"He is intolerant of people who are late."
noun
The way your voice goes up and down when you speak.
"Her intonation showed she was asking a question."
adjective
Having many small parts or details that are arranged in a complicated way.
"The clock had an intricate design with many gears and small pieces."
verb
To be very interested and curious about something.
"The strange noise in the attic intrigued me, so I went to investigate."
adjective
Something that is very interesting and makes you want to know more.
"The old house had an intriguing history."
adjective
Describes a person who is more interested in their own thoughts and feelings than in spending time with other people.
"She is an introverted person and enjoys reading books in her free time."
verb
To turn something upside down or to change its order to the opposite.
"The photographer inverted the image to create a special effect."
verb
To try to find out the truth about something, such as a crime, accident, or problem.
"The police are investigating the robbery."
noun
Something you put money into to make more money.
"Buying a house is a big investment."
verb
To be part of something; to take part in something.
"She is involved in many school activities."
noun
A colored liquid used for writing, drawing, or printing.
"I used blue ink to write the letter."
noun
Atoms or molecules that have an electrical charge. They can be positive or negative.
"Salt dissolves in water and forms ions."
noun
People who come from Ireland or whose family comes from Ireland.
"My friend is Irish and comes from Dublin."
noun
A strong, hard, gray metal that is used to make tools, machines, and buildings.
"Steel is made from iron."
adjective
Using words to say the opposite of what you mean, often in a funny way.
"It's ironic that the fire station burned down."
noun
A situation where the opposite of what you expect to happen actually happens.
"It's irony that the fire station burned down."
adjective
Not following the normal rules or patterns.
"Many verbs in English are irregular, meaning they don't follow the usual rules for past tense."
adjective
Not thinking about the results of your actions.
"It was irresponsible of you to leave the baby alone in the car."
noun
The process of bringing water to land or crops to help them grow.
"Farmers use irrigation to grow crops in dry areas."
noun
A country in the Middle East, located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea.
"I want to travel to Israel and see Jerusalem."
noun
A single thing in a set or list.
"Please buy these three items at the store: milk, bread, and eggs."
adjective
Describing a process that repeats steps to get closer and closer to the desired result.
"The software development used an iterative process, with each version building on the previous one."
adjective
Being in the middle of a process or between two things.
"This is an intermediate English class, so you should already know some basic grammar."
noun
A suffix that is used in medicine to mean inflammation. Inflammation is when a part of your body becomes red, swollen, and painful because of an infection or injury.
"Appendicitis means inflammation of the appendix. The appendix is a small organ in your body."
noun
A tool used for lifting heavy things, like a car, off the ground.
"I need a jack to change the tire on my car."
adjective
Having a rough, uneven surface or edge with sharp points.
"The top of the mountain has jagged rocks."
noun
A sweet food made from fruit and sugar, cooked until it is thick. People usually spread it on bread.
"I like to eat bread with strawberry jam."
English Translation
victory
"The team celebrated their jeet after winning the championship game."
noun
A type of long, green vegetable. It is a kind of summer squash.
"I used zucchini in my vegetable soup."
noun
A nickname, often used as a term of endearment.
"My grandma calls me Jojo because she loves me."
noun
Something that is said or done to make people laugh.
"He told a funny joke at the party."
noun
A shaking movement, usually quick and uneven.
"The old car started to judder as it went up the hill."
noun
The ability to make good decisions or form opinions wisely.
"The teacher showed good judgement in dealing with the difficult student."
verb
To show or prove that something is right or reasonable.
"You don't need to justify your decision to me."
noun
A small, open vehicle with four wheels that is used for racing, usually on a special track.
"My friend and I went to a place where we could drive karts on a race track."
noun
A thick, red sauce made from tomatoes, vinegar, sugar, and spices.
"I like to put ketchup on my fries."
noun
A drink made from roasted coffee beans. It is usually served hot.
"I drink a cup of kaffe every morning."
verb
To take someone away by force and hold them prisoner, usually in order to get money or something else in exchange for their release.
"The little girl was kidnapped from her school playground."
noun
A man who rules a country because he was born into a royal family. He is the head of the country.
"The king lives in a big palace."
adjective
Having or involving unusual sexual interests or practices.
"Some people have kinky fantasies."
noun
A touch with the lips as a sign of love, affection, or greeting.
"She gave her mother a kiss on the cheek."
noun
A room or area where food is prepared and cooked.
"We cook dinner in the kitchen every night."
noun
A bag with straps that you wear on your back. It is used for carrying things, especially when hiking or traveling.
"We packed our lunches in our knapsacks before going for a hike."
noun
A plant with leaves that have tiny hairs. When you touch them, they can sting your skin and make it itchy.
"Be careful, there are nettles growing by the fence."
noun
A place where a rope, string, or something similar is tied.
"He tied a knot in the rope to make it stronger."
noun
The joints in your fingers where your bones meet. You can see these on the back of your hand when you make a fist.
"He cracked his knuckles because he was nervous."
noun
Often refers to King Kong, a giant fictional gorilla (ape) from movies and books.
"The movie is about Kong fighting other monsters."
noun
A system of exchange practiced in the Trobriand Islands of Papua New Guinea.
"Anthropologists have studied the kula ring to understand social and economic systems."
English Translation
Easter bread
"My grandmother always bakes a special kulich for Easter."
noun
A member of a people who live mainly in Kurdistan, a region covering parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran, and Syria.
"Many Kurds want an independent country."
noun
The letters at the end of the alphabet.
"He started to learn the alphabet from ABC all the way to XYZ."
noun
A room or building where scientists do experiments and tests.
"The students did their science experiment in the laboratory."
noun
When there is not enough of something.
"There is a lack of rain this year, so the crops are dying."
noun
A medicine that helps people digest lactose.
"I need to take Lactaid before I eat ice cream so my stomach doesn't hurt."
noun
A type of sugar that is found in milk.
"Many dairy products, like milk and cheese, contain lactose."
noun
The plural form of 'lady'. A lady is a polite way to call or talk about a woman.
"The ladies in the book club meet every month."
adjective
Unable to walk well because of an injury or problem with the legs or feet.
"The dog is lame and can't run fast."
adverb
In a way that is weak, ineffective, or unconvincing.
"He tried to explain his mistake, but he did it lamely, and no one believed him."
noun
The act of showing great sadness or sorrow.
"We could hear the lamentations of the women who had lost their loved ones."
noun
A long, wooden stick with a sharp metal point at the end, used as a weapon by soldiers on horseback in the past.
"The knight carried a lance during the tournament."
verb
To hit someone or something hard with a whip or stick.
"The sailor lashed the ropes to secure the boat."
noun
The delay before something happens. It's the time between when you start something and when it actually begins.
"The latency of the internet connection made it difficult to play online games."
noun
A type of coffee made with espresso and steamed milk, usually with a layer of foam on top.
"I ordered a latte at the coffee shop this morning."
noun
Areas of land covered with short grass, usually near a house or in a park.
"Many houses have lawns in front."
noun
A short stop between two parts of a journey, especially a flight.
"We had a two-hour layover in Chicago before our flight to London."
noun
A flat, green part of a plant or tree. Leaves grow from the stem or branches.
"The leaves on the trees turn brown in the fall."
verb
Past tense and past participle of the verb 'leaf'.
"I leafed through the magazine while waiting for the doctor."
noun
Something that is passed down from someone who lived in the past.
"The old king left a legacy of peace and prosperity for his people."
noun
A very old story or set of stories from the past, that may or may not be true.
"The legend of King Arthur is a famous story."
adjective
real or genuine, not fake
"This website looks legit, so I think it’s safe to use."
noun
Work that involves a lot of walking or effort to do something.
"The job involves a lot of legwork, like visiting different stores."
noun
The measurement of something from end to end. It tells you how long something is.
"The length of the table is 2 meters."
conjunction
Used to say why you are doing something, in order to prevent something bad from happening.
"He ran, lest he should be late."
adjective
Feeling tired and slow, without much energy or enthusiasm.
"After eating a big meal, I feel lethargic and just want to take a nap."
noun
The ability to influence a situation or person to get what you want.
"She used her connections to leverage a better job offer."
verb
Using something to get as much advantage or profit from it as possible.
"The company is leveraging its brand name to sell more products."
noun
An amount of money that you have to pay, like a tax.
"The government will levy a new tax on imported goods."
verb
To have told a lie; to have said something that is not true.
"He lied to me about his age."
verb
To talk to different people or groups in order to share information.
"I need to liaise with the marketing team to plan the next campaign."
noun
A person who tells lies.
"He is a liar because he always says things that are not true."
noun
A type of sedimentary rock. It is a kind of limestone and shale.
"The cliffs were made of lias rock."
noun
A person who frees someone or something from being controlled by someone else.
"Abraham Lincoln is considered a liberator because he freed the slaves."
English Translation
love
"She felt a great 'liebe' for her family. (Using 'liebe' to express strong affection in an English sentence)."
noun
The condition that makes people, animals, and plants able to grow, change, and function.
"All living things have life."
noun
A part of the body that sticks out from the main part, like an arm or a leg.
"The dog hurt its limb while running in the park. (arm/leg)"
noun
Parts of the body that stick out from the main part, like arms and legs.
"A person has four limbs: two arms and two legs."
noun
A green citrus fruit that is round and has sour juice.
"I added a slice of lime to my drink."
noun
A large and luxurious car, often driven by a chauffeur (a person paid to drive).
"The celebrity arrived at the movie premiere in a long, black limousine."
adverb
In a way that is not stiff or firm; weakly.
"The injured bird fell limply to the ground."
noun
Cloth made from the fibers of the flax plant.
"My shirt is made of linen. It's very comfortable in hot weather."
noun
A large, wild cat that lives in Africa and India. Male lions have a mane (long hair) around their neck.
"The lion is known as the king of the jungle."
noun
A drink that contains alcohol, especially one that is strong.
"He doesn't drink liquor."
verb
Past tense and past participle of 'light'. Means to provide light, or to start burning.
"She lit the candles on the cake."
verb
To take a disagreement to a court of law so that a judge can make a decision.
"The company decided to litigate the issue rather than settle out of court."
noun
Things that are dropped on the ground and make a place look dirty, like paper, cans, and bottles.
"Please don't drop litter on the street."
verb
To have spread things around in a messy way; to have made a place untidy with scattered objects.
"The park was littered with trash after the concert."
interjection
An internet slang acronym that stands for 'laughing my fucking ass off'.
"I saw a really funny video online and I was lmfao."
noun
A mass of bread that is shaped and baked in one piece.
"I bought a loaf of bread at the store."
noun
A room in a building that you enter first. It is often large and used for waiting or meeting people.
"The hotel lobby was very crowded."
verb
To fasten something with a lock, so it cannot be opened.
"I locked the door when I left the house."
noun
A way of thinking about things that is clear and makes sense.
"There is no logic to his behavior. He acts without thinking."
noun
The act of getting access to a computer system or website by entering your username and password.
"You need a username and password to login to the website."
noun
The capital city of England and the United Kingdom.
"London is famous for its red buses and black cabs."
noun
The capital city of England and the United Kingdom. It is a very big and important city.
"I want to visit London to see the Tower Bridge."
noun
The feeling of being sad because you are alone or do not have friends.
"She felt a deep loneliness after her family moved away."
noun
The distance east or west of the Prime Meridian. The Prime Meridian is an imaginary line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole through Greenwich, England.
"The city of London is near 0 degrees longitude."
verb
To appear large and close, often in a way that seems threatening or worrying.
"A dark storm cloud was looming on the horizon."
noun
A small opening that allows someone to avoid following a rule or law.
"The company found a loophole in the tax law to pay less money."
noun
Things that are stolen, especially during a war or riot.
"The soldiers looted the town after the battle."
noun
A strong feeling of affection and care for someone or something.
"I love my family very much."
adjective
Sad because the person you love does not love you back.
"She was lovelorn after her boyfriend broke up with her."
adjective
Having good things happen to you by chance.
"I was lucky to find a parking spot downtown."
noun
A state of being crazy or foolish.
"The idea of driving across the country without a map seemed like lunacy to me."
noun
One of the two organs in your chest that you use to breathe. Lungs take oxygen from the air and put it into your blood.
"Humans have two lungs."
verb
To tempt someone to do something or go somewhere, usually by offering them something they want.
"The smell of cookies lured the children into the kitchen."
noun
A very strong feeling of wanting something, especially sexual desire.
"He felt a strong lust for her."
noun
A unit for measuring how bright light is. It measures the amount of light that falls on a surface.
"This lamp gives off 500 lux of light."
verb
Past tense and past participle of 'make'. To create or build something.
"I made a cake for my friend's birthday."
adjective
Very beautiful and impressive.
"The view from the top of the mountain was magnificent."
noun
Letters and packages that are sent through the postal system.
"I get a lot of mail every day."
noun
Something that is very important and necessary for something else to continue or succeed.
"Farming is the mainstay of the country's economy. It's very important for the country to be rich."
noun
The subject you study most in college or university.
"My major in college is English literature."
noun
The feeling of wanting to hurt someone or do something bad to them.
"She acted out of pure malice when she spread the rumors."
verb
To say bad things about someone or something that are not true.
"He was wrongly maligned by his enemies."
noun
A large building or group of buildings containing a variety of stores, often with restaurants and other businesses. It is a place where people go to shop, eat, and sometimes be entertained.
"We went to the mall to buy some new clothes."
verb
To be in charge of something, like a business or a team.
"She manages a small restaurant."
verb
To succeed in doing something difficult.
"She managed to finish the race despite her injury."
adjective
Something that you must do or have because it is required by rules or law.
"Wearing a helmet is mandatory when riding a bike in this city."
verb
To carefully guide or move something, often something large or difficult to handle.
"The driver skillfully maneuvered the bus through the crowded city streets."
verb
To be in charge of or to operate a machine or place.
"The soldiers were manning the barricades."
noun
A soldier who serves on ships or is trained to fight on land and sea.
"The marine showed great bravery in battle."
adjective
Relating to war or soldiers.
"The country is under martial law because of the war."
noun
A person, animal, or object thought to bring good luck, or used to represent a team or group.
"The school's mascot is a tiger."
noun
A state in the northeastern part of the United States of America.
"Boston is the capital city of Massachusetts."
verb
To be important or significant.
"It mattered a lot to her that he came to her birthday party."
adjective
Fully grown or developed.
"The apple is mature and ready to be picked from the tree."
pronoun
The word 'me' is used when you are talking about yourself as the object of a verb or preposition.
"He gave the book to me."
noun
A field of grass. It is often used for grazing animals like cows and sheep.
"The cows were happily eating grass in the meadow."
verb
The past tense and past participle of the verb 'mean'. It is used to talk about what someone intended to say or do.
"I meant to call you yesterday, but I forgot."
adjective
Very small or not enough.
"He gave me a measly amount of money for my birthday. It was only five dollars."
noun
A way to find the size, amount, or degree of something.
"We need to measure the room to see if the sofa will fit."
noun
A way to calm your mind and body by focusing on one thing, like your breath or a sound.
"She does meditation every morning to start her day peacefully."
noun
A way to give news or information to many people.
"The internet is a popular medium for news."
noun
A unit for measuring computer information. It is equal to 1,048,576 bytes.
"This photo is about 2 megabytes in size."
adjective
Feeling or showing sadness, often without a clear reason.
"The rainy weather made her feel melancholic."
verb
To say something briefly and without giving many details.
"Did she mention where she was going?"
noun
A type of car made by the German company Mercedes-Benz. It is known for being luxurious and well-made.
"My neighbor drives a Mercedes to work every day."
noun
Acts of kindness, compassion, or forgiveness shown to someone.
"We should be thankful for the mercies we receive every day."
noun
In religion, a person who is believed to be sent by God to save people.
"Many people believed that Jesus was the messiah."
adjective
Not neat or tidy. Something is messy when it is dirty or disorganized.
"My room is very messy. I need to clean it."
adjective
About something else of the same type. It's like thinking or talking about something, but also thinking or talking about that thinking or talking.
"This movie is meta because it's a movie about making a movie."
noun
A small piece of rock or metal that moves through space.
"Scientists study meteoroids to learn about the early solar system."
adjective
Showing great attention to detail; very careful and precise.
"She is a meticulous student who always checks her work carefully."
adverb
In a way that shows great attention to detail; very carefully and precisely.
"She meticulously cleaned her room, making sure everything was in its place."
noun
The middle part of an attack.
"The knight was vulnerable during the midattack because he overextended."
noun
The movement of people or animals from one place to another.
"Every year, birds make a long migration south for the winter."
noun
A unit of length in the metric system. It is equal to one-thousandth (1/1000) of a meter.
"The thickness of this coin is about two millimeters."
noun
The process of grinding grain into flour.
"The old mill is used for milling wheat into flour."
noun
Large, round stones used for grinding grain, like wheat or corn, into flour.
"In the old days, farmers used millstones to grind their wheat into flour to make bread."
noun
A person who copies the way someone else speaks or behaves, often to make people laugh.
"He is a good mimic and can copy the voices of famous people."
noun
A person who works in a mine to dig for valuable materials like coal, gold, or diamonds.
"The miner went deep underground to look for coal."
noun
The act of reflecting something, like an image in a mirror.
"The lake's surface was perfect for mirroring the mountains."
noun
A short way to say 'miscellaneous'. It means a mix of different things that are not related.
"I put all the old keys in a box labeled 'misc'."
adjective
Made up of different things; including a mixture of various things.
"The store sells books, clothes, and other miscellaneous items."
noun
A short way to say 'miscellaneous'.
"I found some old photos and other misc. items in the box."
adjective
Having wrong ideas or aims because of a bad understanding of something.
"He made a misguided attempt to fix the car himself."
noun
A substance with a strong smell, often used in perfumes and fragrances. It comes from a gland of the male musk deer or is made artificially.
"The perfume had a strong musk scent."
noun
The act of controlling or organizing something badly.
"The company's problems were caused by poor mismanagement."
verb
To laugh at someone or something in a cruel or unkind way.
"The children started to mock him because of his funny hat."
noun
A model or fake version of something, often used to show how it will look or work.
"The designer showed us a mockup of the website before building the real thing."
adverb
In a way that is not too proud or confident; being humble.
"She spoke modestly about her success, even though she did very well."
noun
A male given name, common in Muslim communities.
"Mohammad is a very popular name for boys in many countries."
noun
A quality that makes someone successful and attractive.
"The team lost their mojo and started losing games."
noun
A molar is a big, flat tooth in the back of your mouth. Molars are used for grinding food.
"The dentist said I need to brush my molars carefully to prevent cavities."
noun
A fuzzy growth of tiny plants that appears on food or damp surfaces.
"There is mold growing on the bread."
noun
The smallest part of a substance that can exist by itself and has all the chemical properties of that substance.
"A water molecule is made of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom."
adjective
Lasting for only a very short time.
"I experienced a momentary feeling of panic when I couldn't find my keys."
noun
The force or speed of something moving forward.
"The car gained momentum as it rolled down the hill."
verb
To move something to Monday. This usually refers to moving a public holiday to the nearest Monday.
"The government decided to mondayise the holiday so people could have a long weekend."
noun
A situation where one person or company controls all of something, like a product or service, so no one else can compete.
"That company has a monopoly on the town's water supply, so they set high prices."
adjective
Something that is monotonous is boring because it is always the same.
"My job is very monotonous; I do the same thing every day."
noun
A very large, ugly, and frightening creature, often found in stories or movies.
"In the story, a big monster lived under the bridge and scared everyone."
adjective
Very sad, unhappy, and quiet.
"He was very morose after his team lost the game."
adjective
Wanting to do something; having a reason for doing something.
"She is a very motivated student who always does her best."
noun
The reason why you want to do something.
"He needs some motivation to start exercising."
noun
A short way to write 'message'. A message is a piece of information that you send to someone.
"I sent her an msg yesterday, but she hasn't replied yet."
verb
To think carefully about something for a long time.
"I'm mulling over the job offer before I make a decision."
adjective
Dark and difficult to see through because of dirt or other matter.
"The water in the lake was murky after the storm."
noun
A gathering of people, especially soldiers, for inspection or duty.
"The general ordered a muster of the troops at dawn."
determiner
Belonging to me. It shows possession or ownership.
"This is my book. It belongs to me."
adjective
Strange or not known or understood.
"The old house on the hill looked very mysterious."
adjective
Relating to mystics or religious mystery.
"The old temple had a mystical atmosphere."
noun
A very old story, often about gods and heroes, that tries to explain how things in the world began.
"The Greek myths tell stories about powerful gods and goddesses."
noun
A collection of myths, especially one belonging to a particular religion or culture.
"Greek mythology is full of stories about gods and heroes."
verb
Past tense and past participle of the verb 'nail'.
"I nailed the picture to the wall. (past tense of 'nail' - to attach with a nail)"
adjective
Having or showing a lack of experience, wisdom, or judgment.
"She was naive to think she could trust him after he had lied before."
noun
A word or words that we use to call a person, thing, or place.
"My name is John Smith."
noun
A piece of soft, absorbent material wrapped around a baby's bottom to absorb urine and feces. It is also known as a diaper.
"The baby needs a clean nappy."
verb
Past tense and past participle of the verb 'narrow'.
"The road narrowed as we drove up the mountain."
noun
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration. It is a government agency in the United States. It is responsible for science and technology related to air and space.
"NASA sent astronauts to the moon."
adjective
Clean and organized. Things are in their proper place.
"Her room is always neat and tidy."
verb
To not give enough care or attention to someone or something.
"The plant died because I neglected to water it."
adjective
Not supporting any side in a disagreement or war.
"Switzerland remained neutral during World War II."
verb
To stop something from having an effect. This means to make something harmless or ineffective.
"The police used tear gas to neutralize the crowd."
adjective
Pleasant or likable; something that makes you feel happy or good.
"It's a nice day for a walk in the park."
noun
A small cut or scratch on a surface.
"I got a small nick on my finger while chopping vegetables."
noun
Plural of 'nickel'. A nickel is a United States coin worth five cents.
"I have five nickels in my pocket."
noun
A very offensive word for a Black person.
"Using the word 'nigger' is never acceptable."
noun
A well-known company that makes shoes, clothes, and sports equipment.
"I want to buy new Nike shoes for running."
adverb
Used to give a negative answer or response.
"She asked me if I wanted to go to the park, and I said no."
noun
A playful but sometimes annoying act of rubbing someone's knuckles hard on the top of their head.
"My brother gave me noogies on the school bus."
adjective
Usual or typical; not strange or different.
"It's normal to feel nervous before a big test."
noun
A surname (family name).
"I met a very kind person named Mr. Norouzifard at the conference."
noun
A feeling of looking back at the past with happiness and some sadness.
"Looking at old family photos filled me with nostalgia."
adverb
Used to make a statement negative. It shows that something is the opposite of what is being said.
"I am not going to the party tonight."
adverb
In a way that is well-known for being bad or unfavorable.
"The area is notoriously dangerous at night."
noun
A long story, usually written in a book, that tells about imaginary people and events.
"She is reading a novel about a young woman's adventures."
noun
A small difference in meaning, feeling, or appearance.
"He understood the nuances of the joke better than I did."
noun
A person who believes in and practices nudism. Nudism is the practice of going without clothes, usually in a group and in natural surroundings.
"The nudist colony was located far from the city."
verb
Made unable to feel anything in a particular part of your body or mind.
"The cold wind numbed my fingers."
noun
A room in a house for babies or young children.
"The baby is sleeping in the nursery."
verb
To care for and help someone or something grow and develop.
"Parents nurture their children by providing food, love, and education."
noun
The process of eating the right kinds of food for good health and growth.
"Good nutrition is important for children to grow strong."
adjective
Describes food that is good for your health and helps you grow.
"Fruits and vegetables are very nutritious."
noun
The letter 'o' in the English alphabet. It is a vowel.
"The word 'dog' has one 'o' in it."
noun
Something that you are trying to achieve. It is your goal.
"Our main objective is to increase sales this year."
noun
Something that you must do because of a law, rule, promise, or feeling.
"I have an obligation to visit my grandparents every week."
noun
The state of being completely forgotten or unknown.
"The names of many famous writers have faded into oblivion."
adjective
Not well-known; not famous.
"The old book had many obscure words that I didn't understand."
noun
A very strong interest in something or someone that you think about all the time.
"Her obsession with painting made her spend all her free time on art."
verb
To choose not to do something, especially something you enjoy.
"He is abstaining from eating chocolate for a month."
adverb
In a way that is easy to see or understand.
"She was obviously upset after the argument."
noun
Secret or hidden knowledge. It often relates to magic or supernatural things.
"Some people are interested in the occult and study things like astrology and tarot cards."
noun
A series of eight notes in music. The highest note has twice the frequency (how fast it vibrates) of the lowest note.
"The piano has several octaves of notes."
noun
A sea animal with a soft body and eight arms called tentacles.
"The octopus hid in a small cave under the sea."
noun
A smell, especially an unpleasant one.
"There was a strange odor coming from the kitchen."
adjective
Causing someone to feel hurt, angry, or upset.
"His jokes were very offensive to some people."
adverb
In a formal or public way, often with authority or permission.
"The meeting officially started at 9:00 AM."
adverb
Away from or at a distance from the shore.
"The boat sailed offshore to catch bigger fish."
noun
A song, movie, or other thing that is old but still popular or well-liked.
"This song is a real oldie but goodie; I still love listening to it."
adverb
In a way that suggests something bad is going to happen.
"The sky darkened ominously before the storm."
verb
To leave something out on purpose.
"Please don't omit any important details when you tell the story."
preposition
Used to show that something is physically touching a surface.
"The book is on the table."
noun
A duty or responsibility to do something.
"The onus is on you to finish your homework."
noun
A type of drug that comes from the opium poppy plant. It is used to reduce pain and can make you feel very relaxed.
"Doctors sometimes prescribe opiates for people in severe pain."
noun
The act of treating people in a cruel and unfair way.
"The people lived under years of oppression from a cruel dictator."
verb
To choose to do or have something.
"She opted to stay home instead of going to the party."
noun
People who believe that good things will happen in the future.
"Optimists think that tomorrow will be a better day."
noun
A large ape with long arms and reddish-brown hair. Orangutans live in the rainforests of Indonesia and Malaysia.
"The orangutan at the zoo is very popular with visitors."
noun
The curved path in space that an object (like a planet or satellite) follows around a star, planet, or moon.
"The Earth takes one year to orbit the Sun."
noun
A very difficult or painful experience.
"Going to the dentist was an ordeal for the little boy."
adjective
Used for decoration. Something that is ornamental makes something else look more beautiful.
"The garden has many ornamental flowers."
noun
A child whose parents have died.
"The little girl was an orphan after the car accident."
adjective
Relating to a world other than the one we know, especially a spiritual or imaginary world.
"The music had an otherworldly quality that made me feel like I was floating."
noun
A sudden and strong expression of emotion.
"She had an outburst of anger when she found out the news."
noun
A plan or summary of a longer piece of writing or a speech. It shows the main ideas.
"Before writing the essay, I made an outline of the main points."
verb
To draw the outer edge of something.
"The artist outlined the shape of the house before adding details."
verb
To be heavier or more important than something else.
"The benefits of the new medicine outweighed the risks."
verb
To succeed in dealing with a problem or difficulty.
"She is overcoming her fear of heights by practicing rock climbing."
noun
The general costs of a business, like rent and electricity, that are not directly related to making a product or providing a service.
"The company is trying to reduce its overhead costs."
noun
The amount by which two things cover the same area.
"The tiles on the roof overlap to keep the rain out."
verb
To use your power or authority to change or cancel a decision or action made by someone else.
"The manager decided to override the employee's decision."
noun
A mistake made because someone forgot something or did not notice something.
"Leaving the door unlocked was an oversight."
verb
To pay someone too much money for something.
"I think the company is overpaying its CEO."
noun
The act of walking back and forth, often because you are nervous or worried.
"The doctor was pacing in the hallway, waiting for news about his patient."
noun
Materials used to protect things when they are moved or sent somewhere.
"I need to buy some packing peanuts to protect the dishes during the move."
noun
An agreement between people or groups.
"The countries signed a peace pact to end the war."
noun
A person who follows a religion that is not one of the main religions of the world, like Christianity, Islam, or Judaism. These religions often involve a belief in many gods or a connection with nature.
"Some people celebrate pagan holidays that are connected to the seasons."
adverb
In a way that shows great care and effort.
"She painstakingly cleaned the old painting."
adjective
Having a light color. Often used to describe someone's face when they are sick, scared, or surprised.
"She looked pale after hearing the bad news."
noun
a dark covering or feeling that makes things seem sad or gloomy
"A pall of sadness hung over the room after the bad news."
noun
The inner surface of your hand, between your wrist and your fingers.
"She held the bird gently in the palm of her hand."
adjective
Able to be touched or felt.
"The tension in the room was palpable; you could feel it."
noun
A sudden, strong feeling of fear that makes you unable to think clearly or act normally.
"There was a panic when the fire alarm went off."
noun
Photographers who follow famous people in order to take their pictures without permission.
"The actress was surrounded by paparazzi when she left the restaurant."
noun
A tropical fruit with orange or yellow flesh and small black seeds.
"I like to eat papaya for breakfast."
noun
In golf, 'par' means the number of hits (strokes) a good player should need to get the ball in the hole.
"The par for this hole is 4, meaning a good golfer should get the ball in the hole in 4 strokes."
noun
A short story that teaches a moral or spiritual lesson.
"The teacher told a parable about a lost sheep to show the importance of forgiveness."
noun
A public event where people or vehicles move along a planned route, often with music, costumes, or special displays.
"The town has a big parade every year on the Fourth of July."
noun
A statement that seems to say two opposite things but may be true.
"It's a paradox that the more you save, the more you can spend later."
adjective
Something that seems impossible or hard to believe because it has two opposite qualities or ideas.
"It is paradoxical that he is very shy but loves to perform on stage."
noun
A line that always stays the same distance from another line.
"The two roads run parallel to each other."
verb
To make someone unable to move or feel part or all of their body.
"The accident paralyzed him from the waist down. He can't walk anymore."
noun
A person who is trained to give medical help to people who are seriously ill or hurt, especially before they are taken to a hospital.
"The paramedics arrived quickly and took the injured man to the hospital."
noun
An act of forgiving someone for a crime or mistake.
"The president gave him a pardon for his crimes."
noun
A person who is not accepted by society or a group.
"After the scandal, he became a pariah in his own community."
noun
A parson is a priest in the Church of England. They are in charge of a small area.
"The parson gave a sermon at the village church."
English Translation
game
"They played a quick 'partie' of chess during their lunch break. (They played a quick game of chess)"
adverb
To some degree; not completely.
"The problem is partly due to a lack of communication."
noun
A fun event where people meet to celebrate something or have fun together.
"We had a birthday party for my little sister."
noun
A very strong feeling about something or someone.
"She has a passion for music. She loves to play the piano."
noun
A religious leader in a Christian church. They are in charge of a church and guide the people in their faith.
"The pastor gave a sermon on forgiveness."
adjective
Safe and suitable for drinking. It means that the water is clean and doesn't have anything harmful in it.
"The river water is not potable; we need to boil it before drinking."
noun
A type of nut that grows underground. It has a thin shell and two parts inside.
"I like to eat peanuts as a snack."
English Translation
oven shelf
"My grandmother always puts the bread on the pechta to keep it warm."
verb
To look carefully or with difficulty.
"She peered through the fog, trying to see the road."
noun
A large water bird with a long beak and a big pouch under it for holding fish.
"I saw a pelican flying over the ocean."
noun
Something you must do to show you are sorry for doing something wrong, especially in religion.
"The priest told him his penance was to say ten Hail Marys."
noun
A regular payment made to people after they retire from work.
"My grandfather receives a pension from his old company."
adjective
Thinking deeply about something, often in a sad or serious way.
"She looked pensive as she stared out the window."
adverb
In a way that shows deep thought, often with sadness or seriousness.
"She sat pensively by the window, watching the rain fall."
verb
To become aware of something through your senses (sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch). It means to notice or understand something.
"I perceive a strange smell in the kitchen."
noun
The distance around the outside of a shape.
"The perimeter of the square is 20 centimeters."
adverb
In a way that lasts forever or for a very long time.
"The stain on the shirt is permanently fixed; it won't come out."
noun
A paper or document that shows you are allowed to do something.
"You need a permit to build a house."
adjective
At a 90-degree angle to something else, like a straight line crossing another straight line to form a right angle.
"The wall is perpendicular to the floor."
noun
A person who does something wrong or illegal.
"The police are looking for the perpetrator of the bank robbery."
verb
To continue to do something even though it is difficult or other people don't want you to.
"Even though he was tired, he decided to persist with his work."
noun
A way of thinking about something. It's like your point of view.
"From my perspective, the movie was very good."
verb
To make someone believe something or do something by giving them reasons.
"I tried to persuade my friend to come to the party."
adjective
Able to convince someone to do or believe something.
"The lawyer was very persuasive, and the jury believed him."
adjective
Thinking that bad things are more likely to happen than good things.
"He is very pessimistic about the economy; he thinks things will get worse."
noun
A written request signed by many people, asking someone in authority to do or change something.
"The students signed a petition to get a new teacher."
noun
A ghost or something that appears to be a ghost.
"People say they saw a phantom in the old house."
adjective
Very good or impressive; remarkable.
"The singer's performance was phenomenal. Everyone loved it."
noun
The act of donating money or time to help people and make their lives better.
"Bill Gates is known for his philanthropy, donating billions to improve health and education."
noun
A country in Southeast Asia made up of many islands.
"I want to travel to the Philippines because it has beautiful beaches."
noun
A tiny particle of light. Think of it like a small packet or bundle of light energy.
"Sunlight is made of many, many photons."
adjective
Relating to photons or the use of photons.
"Photonic devices use light instead of electricity."
noun
Very small pieces of energy that make up light and other electromagnetic radiation.
"Sunlight is made of many photons."
verb
To express something in a particular way.
"He phrased his question carefully to avoid upsetting anyone."
noun
A group of words that has meaning but is not a complete sentence.
""Thank you" is a common phrase."
noun
A musical instrument with black and white keys that you press to make sounds.
"She plays the piano very well."
noun
A strange condition where a person or animal wants to eat things that are not food and have no nutritional value. These things could be dirt, paper, or ice.
"The doctor thinks the child has pica because he keeps eating dirt."
noun
A cucumber that has been preserved in vinegar or brine.
"I like to eat a pickle with my sandwich."
noun
A farm animal that is often pink and has a short, flat nose. People raise pigs for their meat (like bacon and ham).
"The farmer has many pigs on his farm."
noun
Pontius Pilate was the Roman governor of Judea who is known in the Bible for his role in the trial and crucifixion of Jesus Christ.
"The story of Pontius Pilate is a key part of the Christian faith."
noun
a type of alcoholic drink from England, often mixed with lemonade, fruit, and mint
"We enjoyed a glass of Pimm's at the picnic in the park."
noun
A person who controls prostitutes and arranges clients for them, taking a percentage of their earnings.
"The police arrested the pimp and freed the women."
noun
The highest point of something, like a mountain or a building.
"The climbers finally reached the pinnacle of the mountain."
noun
a central point or pin on which something turns or balances
"The basketball player used his foot as a pivot to turn and shoot."
noun
The act of using someone else's words or ideas as your own.
"The student was accused of plagiarism after copying a paragraph from a website."
noun
A set of actions that you think about in advance in order to do something.
"We need to make a plan for our vacation."
noun
A vehicle that can fly in the air. It has wings and an engine.
"The plane took off from the airport."
noun
The act of deciding how to do something before you actually do it.
"We are planning a trip to the beach next month."
verb
To put a seed, bulb, or plant into the ground so it can grow.
"She planted flowers in her garden."
noun
A common person who is not rich or powerful.
"The king thought the plebeian clothes were not good enough for him."
noun
A type of light shoe, often made of canvas with a rubber sole. People usually wear them for sports or casual activities.
"She wears plimsolls when she plays tennis."
verb
To fall or drop straight down very quickly.
"The airplane started to plummet towards the ground."
noun
A very long word that means a lung disease.
"My doctor told me about pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis, but I can't even pronounce it!"
noun
A substance that can cause illness or death when it is eaten, drunk, breathed, or touched.
"Be careful! That mushroom might be a poison."
verb
To push someone or something quickly with your finger or a pointed object.
"He was poking the fire with a stick."
adjective
Trying to seem important or intelligent to impress other people.
"He is a pompous man who always talks about his achievements."
noun
A Roman given name (first name).
"Pontius Pilate is a well-known figure in history because of his involvement in the crucifixion of Jesus."
noun
Areas of water that are made for swimming.
"We went to the swimming pools to cool off."
noun
A type of flower. Poppies are often bright red, but can also be other colors like pink, white, or yellow.
"The field was full of red poppies."
adjective
Able to be easily carried or moved.
"This laptop is very portable because it is small and light."
noun
A hard, white, and delicate material made by baking clay at a very high temperature.
"My grandmother has a collection of beautiful porcelain dolls."
noun
Pictures, videos, or writing that are made to cause sexual excitement.
"He accidentally found porn on his brother's computer."
noun
A person who acts in pornographic movies or videos.
"She used to be a pornstar, but now she's a writer."
noun
A round window on the side of a ship or airplane.
"The sailor looked out of the porthole to see the ocean."
noun
A painting, drawing, photograph, or sculpture of a person, especially of the face or head.
"The museum has a beautiful portrait of the queen."
noun
The place where someone or something is located.
"The positioning of the chairs in the room was perfect for the meeting."
noun
A substance that can cause illness or death when eaten, drunk, breathed in, or touched.
"Be careful! Some mushrooms are poison."
noun
A long, strong piece of wood or metal that is set upright in the ground. It is often used to support something or to mark a place.
"The fence is supported by wooden posts."
noun
A student who has already finished their first degree (like a Bachelor's degree) and is now studying for a higher degree (like a Master's or PhD).
"She is a postgraduate student at Oxford University."
noun
A chemical element that is a soft, silver-white metal. It is very important for the health of plants and animals.
"Bananas are a good source of potassium."
noun
The possibility that something can happen or be developed.
"This company has a lot of potential for growth."
noun
The possibility of something happening or existing.
"This company has a lot of potential for growth."
noun
A way of filming a scene in a movie or video game where the viewer sees things from the character's eyes.
"The movie used a lot of POV shots to make the audience feel like they were part of the action."
noun
A way of thinking that focuses on practical results and doing what works best, rather than following strict theories or ideas.
"The company adopted a policy of pragmatism, focusing on what would increase profits quickly."
noun
A part of a town or city, especially an area with its own police station.
"The police station in our precinct is very helpful."
noun
A district within a city or town that is defined for police purposes.
"The police officer patrols the busy shopping precinct."
noun
A difficult or unpleasant situation in which you are trapped or do not know what to do.
"She found herself in a difficult predicament when she lost her passport."
verb
To say what will happen in the future.
"The weather forecast predicts rain for tomorrow."
noun
A strong liking or preference for something.
"She has a predilection for chocolate ice cream."
adjective
Coming before something else, usually to prepare for it.
"The doctor did a preliminary examination before ordering more tests."
noun
A building and the area of land it is on.
"The sign said 'No Trespassing' on the premises."
adjective
Feeling confused because something is difficult to understand.
"She looked perplexed by the question."
noun
a machine or tool used to push or squeeze something
"She used a press to make apple juice."
noun
A force that you apply to something when you push or squeeze it.
"The pressure in my car tires is too low."
adjective
Acting as if you have the right to do something that you should not do. It suggests being too confident and disrespectful.
"It was presumptuous of him to assume that I would lend him money."
verb
To act as if something is true when it is not.
"The children like to pretend they are pirates."
adjective
Trying to seem more important, intelligent, or cultured than you really are.
"The student's essay was pretentious and used big words unnecessarily."
adjective
Beyond what is normal or natural; supernatural.
"She had a preternatural ability to predict the future."
noun
A type of baked bread that is usually shaped like a knot or stick and is often salted.
"I like to eat pretzels with mustard."
verb
To win or succeed after trying hard.
"Even though the other team was strong, our team prevailed and won the game."
noun
The act of stopping something bad from happening.
"Washing your hands is a good way to help with the prevention of illness."
adjective
Coming before in time or order.
"I lived in London in my previous life. (This means before now.)"
noun
An animal that is hunted and killed by another for food.
"The lion hunts zebras and other animals for prey."
verb
To make a small hole in something with a sharp point.
"She pricked her finger with a needle while sewing."
noun
A priest is a religious leader or official. They often perform religious ceremonies.
"The priests led the prayers at the church."
adjective
Happening or existing before something else in time or order. It means 'earlier' or 'previous'.
"I had a prior appointment, so I can't meet you today. (adjective: earlier)"
noun
Something that is most important and needs attention before anything else.
"My first priority today is to finish my homework."
noun
A special advantage or benefit that only some people have.
"Having access to good schools is a privilege."
adverb
Used to say that something is likely to happen or to be true, but not certainly.
"It will probably rain tomorrow."
noun
Something that is difficult to deal with or understand.
"I have a problem with my car. It won't start."
noun
A set of actions that are done in a certain order or way.
"The doctor explained the procedure for the surgery."
noun
A person who delays or postpones tasks or actions.
"My brother is a procrastinator; he always waits until the night before to do his homework."
verb
To make or create something, often in large amounts.
"The factory produced thousands of cars last year."
adjective
Making or capable of making large amounts of something.
"The factory is very productive and makes a lot of cars each day."
noun
A short description of a person, group, or thing.
"She created a profile on the dating app to find a partner."
adjective
Very great or intense; going far beyond the surface or obvious.
"The book had a profound effect on my thinking."
noun
The plural form of prognosis.
"The doctor gave us the prognoses for all the patients in the hospital."
noun
A doctor's opinion about how someone will recover from an illness.
"The doctor gave a good prognosis for the patient's recovery."
noun
A person who supports prohibition.
"The prohibitionist groups were very active in the early 20th century."
noun
An object that is thrown or fired with force, such as a bullet, arrow, or stone.
"The soldier fired the projectile at the target."
verb
To help something grow or become more popular.
"The company uses ads to promote its new products."
noun
Facts or information that show something is true.
"The police need proof that he committed the crime."
adjective
Correct or suitable for a particular situation or purpose.
"It is proper to say 'thank you' when someone helps you."
noun
A part or share of a whole.
"A large proportion of the students passed the exam."
noun
A statement or idea that people can discuss and consider.
"He made a proposition to buy the old house."
noun
Strong statements that something is true, even when others might doubt it.
"Despite his protestations of innocence, everyone believed he was guilty."
verb
To show that you disagree with something by saying so or doing something.
"The students protested the new school rules."
noun
A set of rules or ways of doing things that people agree to follow, especially in formal situations.
"Diplomats must follow strict protocols when meeting with foreign leaders."
noun
A tiny part of an atom. It has a positive electrical charge.
"The atom of hydrogen has only one proton."
adjective
Feeling happy and satisfied because of something you have done, something you own, or something someone you know has done.
"My parents are very proud of me because I got good grades."
verb
To show that something is true by providing facts, information, or evidence.
"The police tried to prove that he was guilty."
verb
To give something that is needed or wanted to someone.
"My parents provide me with food and shelter."
noun
The state of being near in space or time.
"The school is in close proximity to the park."
noun
Very strong disapproval of things, especially sexual things, that others might not find bad or shocking.
"Some people think the rules about what people can wear at school are a form of prudery."
verb
Looking or trying to find out about someone's private life in a way that is annoying or rude.
"I hate prying neighbors who are always looking into my yard."
noun
People in general. It means all the people in a place or country.
"The park is open to the public."
verb
Past tense and past participle of 'punch'. To hit someone or something hard with your fist.
"He punched the wall in anger."
noun
Small holes in something, often made by a sharp object.
"The bicycle tire has several punctures."
noun
A young person who behaves badly, or is not important.
"He used to be a punk, but now he's a responsible adult."
noun
A toy that looks like a person or animal. It is moved by a person, often with strings or by putting a hand inside it.
"The children watched a puppet show at the park."
noun
In some religions, especially Catholicism, purgatory is the place where souls go after death to be cleansed of their sins before they can go to heaven. It's like a waiting room for heaven.
"According to Catholic belief, souls in purgatory are being purified."
noun
The reason why something is done or used.
"The purpose of a school is to teach children."
noun
A cat. This is a common and generally acceptable meaning.
"My neighbor has a fluffy white pussy."
adjective
Having the skills or knowledge to do something well.
"She is a qualified doctor with many years of experience."
noun
How good or bad something is.
"The quality of the food in that restaurant is very good."
noun
A deep, philosophical concept, especially in Eastern philosophy, referring to a fundamental or essential principle or quality.
"Many philosophers have tried to understand the quan of existence."
noun
A large, open pit where stone or other materials are dug out of the ground.
"The workers blasted the rock in the quarry."
adjective
Feeling sick to your stomach, like you might throw up.
"The bumpy car ride made me feel queasy."
adjective
Different from what is considered normal or traditional.
"Some people describe their art as queer because it challenges traditional ideas."
noun
A strange or unusual habit or way of behaving.
"He has a funny quirk of always singing to himself."
adverb
A little or a lot, but not completely. It means 'to some extent'.
"I am quite tired after the long walk."
noun
Someone who attacks a place to steal things.
"The raiders broke into the store and stole all the money."
verb
To use a rake to gather leaves, grass, or other loose material.
"I raked the leaves in my yard this morning."
noun
Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar.
"During Ramadan, Muslims pray more and read the Quran."
verb
The past tense of the verb 'run'. To move quickly on foot, faster than walking.
"The dog ran very fast in the park."
adjective
Happening without any plan or pattern.
"The lottery numbers are chosen in a random way."
noun
A position in a group, such as a company or the army.
"He achieved the rank of captain in the army."
noun
Money that is paid to free someone who has been captured or kidnapped.
"The kidnappers demanded a large ransom for the safe return of the child."
noun
A file format used to compress computer files into a smaller size. It's like putting many things into a smaller box to save space.
"I downloaded a RAR file that contains many pictures."
conjunction
Used to show a preference for one thing instead of another.
"I would prefer to stay home rather than go to the party."
verb
To officially approve something, usually a law or agreement.
"The countries need to ratify the treaty to make it official."
adjective
Based on reason or logic; able to think clearly.
"It is important to make rational decisions, not emotional ones."
verb
To try to find reasons to explain behavior that is bad or wrong, often to make it seem acceptable.
"He tried to rationalize his mistake by saying everyone makes mistakes."
adjective
Extremely hungry.
"After running the marathon, I was ravenous and ate a huge pizza."
noun
A line of light coming from a bright object.
"The sun sent a ray of light through the clouds."
noun
Lines of light that come from a bright object.
"The sun sends out rays of light and heat."
noun
A group of loud and uncontrolled people.
"The politician was shouted down by the rabble."
verb
To look at and understand words or symbols.
"I like to read books before I go to sleep."
noun
The quality of being trusted or depended on.
"We need to test the reliability of this new car before we sell it."
noun
The state of things as they actually exist, rather than as they may appear or might be imagined.
"We need to face the reality of the situation."
noun
A cause, explanation, or justification for an action or event.
"The reason I am late is because of the traffic."
adjective
Fair and showing good judgment.
"It's reasonable to expect people to be on time for meetings."
noun
Facts or situations that explain why something happens or why someone does something.
"I didn't go to school because I had a good reason: I was sick."
verb
To make someone feel less worried or afraid about something.
"The doctor reassured the patient that the surgery was safe."
noun
An act of fighting against a government or other authority.
"The people started a rebellion against the unfair king."
noun
A short summary of what has been said or done.
"Let's do a quick recap of what we learned today."
noun
A suggestion or advice about what to do.
"I followed her recommendation and bought the book."
adjective
Willing to listen to or accept new ideas and suggestions.
"The students were very receptive to the teacher's new teaching methods."
noun
Places or spaces that are set back or indented in a wall or other surface.
"The bookshelf was built into one of the recesses in the wall."
adjective
A recessive gene is a gene that only shows its effect if a person has two copies of it.
"Blue eyes are a recessive trait. This means both parents need to carry the gene for the child to have blue eyes."
noun
A chair that can lean back, so you can be in a more relaxed position.
"My grandfather loves to watch TV in his recliner."
verb
To know someone or something because you have seen or heard them before.
"I didn't recognize you with your new haircut."
verb
To move back suddenly and quickly, usually because of fear, surprise, or disgust.
"She recoiled in horror when she saw the spider."
noun
The act of making peace between two people or groups who were in a disagreement or conflict.
"After years of fighting, the two countries finally achieved reconciliation."
verb
To find new people to join a company, organization, or team.
"The company recruited new graduates from the university."
noun
The process of finding new people to join a company, organization, or team.
"The company is starting a new recruitment campaign to find more workers."
verb
To correct something that is wrong.
"I need to rectify the mistake I made on the report."
noun
The process of collecting and changing old paper, plastic, metal, etc., so that it can be used again.
"Recycling helps to protect the environment."
noun
The act of saving or rescuing someone or something from harm or failure.
"The hero's journey is a story of redemption, where he overcomes his flaws and saves the day."
verb
To have a strong, unpleasant smell.
"The garbage can reeked after being in the sun all day."
noun
A round, turning object used to wind something, like thread or fishing line.
"He used a fishing reel to catch a big fish."
verb
To make something pure or improve it by removing unwanted things.
"The factory refines oil to make gasoline."
noun
The image you see when you look in a mirror, in water, or on a shiny surface.
"I could see my reflection in the window."
verb
To make someone feel less hot or tired.
"A cold shower can refresh you on a hot day."
verb
Present participle of 'refuse'. 'Refuse' means to say no to something or someone.
"She is refusing to eat her vegetables."
noun
The act of letting someone or something go free.
"The police had to release the suspect because they didn't have enough evidence."
verb
To become less strict or cruel; to soften.
"The teacher wouldn't relent and give the students more time on the test."
adjective
Not stopping or giving up; continuing in a strong way.
"The sun was relentless all day, making it very hot."
adjective
Connected with or important to the topic you are discussing or writing about.
"That information is not relevant to our conversation."
noun
Old objects from the past that are important or interesting because they were connected with a famous person, a special time, or a belief.
"The museum has many relics from ancient Egypt."
noun
A system of beliefs about God or gods, often with rituals and rules.
"Christianity is a major religion in the world."
verb
To experience something again in your mind or in a story.
"Sometimes I relive my childhood memories when I look at old photos."
adjective
Unwilling and hesitant to do something.
"She was reluctant to sing in front of people because she was shy."
verb
To put more bullets or shells into a gun or other weapon.
"The soldier had to reload his rifle quickly."
verb
To stay in the same place or condition.
"After the party, some guests remained to help clean up."
noun
Payment for work or services.
"The company offers good remuneration to its employees."
verb
To say formally that you give up a claim, right, or belief.
"The prince renounced his right to the throne."
noun
Money that you pay regularly to use a house, apartment, or land that belongs to someone else.
"I pay $1000 rent for my apartment every month."
noun
The act of giving up something, usually something you want or value.
"His renunciation of his former beliefs surprised everyone."
noun
The effects that an action or event has, especially bad effects.
"His decision had serious repercussions for the company."
noun
The act of saying or doing something again.
"The teacher used repetition to help the students learn the new words."
noun
A delay before something bad happens.
"The prisoner was granted a last-minute reprieve from execution."
noun
A strong official warning.
"The student received a reprimand for not doing his homework."
verb
To express disapproval or criticism to someone.
"The teacher reproached the student for not doing their homework."
verb
to push away or reject something or someone with force
"The army tried to repulse the enemy attack."
noun
An act of asking for something.
"I have a request for you: please help me with my homework."
verb
To take back or cancel something that was previously said or done.
"The company had to rescind its offer after finding out about the candidate's past."
noun
The act of saving someone or something from a dangerous or difficult situation.
"The firefighters had to rescue the people from the burning building."
verb
To feel angry and upset about something you think is unfair.
"She resented her brother for getting more attention."
adjective
Able to quickly return to a normal condition after problems or difficulties.
"Children can be very resilient after a bad experience."
noun
A strong decision to do or not do something.
"My New Year's resolution is to exercise more."
verb
To find a solution to a problem or difficulty.
"The problem was resolved after a long discussion."
verb
To have done something as a last option because other things have failed.
"When he ran out of money, he resorted to selling his car."
noun
A feeling of admiration for someone because of their good qualities or achievements.
"I have a lot of respect for my teacher."
adjective
Admired by many people because of good work or qualities.
"She is a highly respected doctor in the community."
noun
A duty or task that you are required to do.
"It is your responsibility to clean your room."
adjective
Having a duty to deal with something or having control over someone.
"He is responsible for cleaning his room."
verb
To bring something back to its original condition.
"The old painting was restored to its former glory."
verb
To hold back or control someone or something.
"The police had to restrain the angry man."
noun
The act of rising from the dead or returning to life.
"Christians believe in the resurrection of Jesus."
verb
To say something again, usually for emphasis or clarity.
"The teacher had to reiterate the instructions because some students didn't understand."
verb
To stop working, usually because you have reached a certain age.
"My grandfather plans to retire at the age of 65."
adjective
Showing something that was hidden or not known.
"The book contained many revealing details about the president's past."
noun
A surprising and previously unknown fact that has been disclosed to others.
"The news about her winning the lottery was a complete revelation."
verb
To echo or resound repeatedly.
"The sound of the thunder was reverberating through the valley."
noun
A big change in the way things are done.
"The internet caused a revolution in how people communicate."
noun
A strong feeling of disgust or dislike.
"She felt revulsion at the sight of the rotten food."
noun
Something good that you get for doing something good or working hard.
"The student got a good grade as a reward for studying hard."
verb
To change the electrical connections inside a machine or building.
"The electrician rewired the old house to make it safer."
noun
A type of amoeba that has a rod-like (rhabdo-) shape when it moves.
"The scientist studied the rhabdamoeba under a microscope to understand its movement."
noun
A question or statement that needs thought to be answered or understood.
"The teacher asked the students a riddle during the class."
adjective
Very silly or unreasonable.
"It's ridiculous to wear a winter coat in the summer."
verb
To search through something quickly, often in a messy way, looking for something specific.
"She rifled through her purse, trying to find her keys."
noun
Something that you are allowed to do by law or custom.
"Everyone has the right to speak freely."
noun
The quality of being very strict or severe.
"The teacher marked the test with rigour, not missing any mistakes."
noun
The equipment used for a particular purpose.
"The sailors checked the ship's rigs before setting sail."
verb
To tear something quickly and forcefully.
"He accidentally ripped his shirt while playing soccer."
verb
To tear something quickly and violently.
"He accidentally ripped his shirt while playing football."
noun
A large, natural flow of water that moves across the land into an ocean, lake, or another river.
"The Mississippi River is very long."
verb
To be completely focused on something. It means you are very interested and paying close attention.
"The children were riveted by the magician's tricks."
noun
The ability to attract someone romantically.
"He has a lot of rizz; everyone likes him."
verb
To take something from a person or place using force or the threat of force.
"A thief tried to rob a bank."
noun
A violent disturbance of the peace by a crowd.
"The riot started after the protest turned violent."
noun
A male lover, especially one who is romantic and passionate.
"He was such a romeo, always trying to impress the girls."
noun
A space inside a building that is separated from other spaces by walls, a floor, and a ceiling.
"This house has four rooms: a kitchen, a living room, a bedroom, and a bathroom."
noun
A place where birds or other animals rest or sleep.
"The chickens go to their roosts at sunset."
noun
A type of plant with thin, needle-like leaves that have a strong, pleasant smell.
"My mother grows rosemary in her garden."
adjective
Moving in a circle around a central point; turning.
"A rotary engine is used in some older airplanes."
noun
A part of a machine that turns around. It is the moving part of a motor, engine, or pump.
"The rotor of the helicopter started spinning."
adverb
In a way that is suitable for a king or queen.
"The guests were treated royally at the fancy hotel."
noun
The act of pressing something against a surface and moving it back and forth.
"She was rubbing her eyes because she was tired."
noun
A set of rules or instructions.
"The teacher gave us a rubric so we knew how the essay would be graded."
adjective
Having a rough, uneven surface.
"The mountains were rugged and difficult to climb."
noun
A story or statement that is passed around, but which might not be true.
"I heard a rumor that the school will be closed next week."
noun
Runes are letters in an old alphabet used by people in Northern Europe, especially Scandinavia and Britain, from about the 3rd century to the 17th century.
"Ancient Norsemen carved runes into stones."
adjective
Relating to the countryside, not the city.
"Many people like to live in rural areas because it is quiet."
adjective
Very important and deserving respect.
"This place is sacred to the people who live here."
noun
A famous Muslim military leader from the 12th century.
"Saladin is known for his bravery and wisdom."
noun
A famous Muslim leader in the 12th century.
"Saladin is remembered as a great leader because he was brave and fair."
noun
A person who works on a ship or boat, especially one who is not an officer.
"The sailor worked hard to keep the ship clean."
noun
A safe place where someone or something is protected.
"The church offered sanctuary to the refugees."
English Translation
Chinese kickboxing
"He practices sanda to stay in shape and learn self-defense."
adjective
Having a healthy mind; not crazy.
"The doctor said he was sane and could leave the hospital."
adjective
Using words that mean the opposite of what you really want to say, especially in order to insult someone or to show irritation.
"She made a sarcastic remark about his cooking, but he knew she was just joking."
noun
Small, oily fish that are often sold in cans.
"I like to eat sardines on toast for lunch."
noun
A bag, often made of leather or cloth, that has a strap for carrying it on your shoulder. It is used to carry books, papers, or other personal items.
"She carried her books to school in a satchel."
verb
To be fully satisfied, especially with food or drink.
"After the large meal, I felt completely satiated."
verb
To choose a solution that is good enough, even if it is not the best possible solution.
"Instead of looking for the absolute best apartment, I decided to satisfice and take the first one that met my basic needs."
verb
To make someone happy or pleased.
"I was satisfied with the food at the restaurant."
verb
To make someone happy or pleased.
"The food at the restaurant was delicious and satisfied my hunger."
noun
The state of being completely full of something, so that no more can be added.
"The market reached saturation, and it became hard for new companies to succeed."
noun
The sixth planet from the Sun in our solar system. It is known for its large rings.
"Saturn is a very beautiful planet with its amazing rings."
noun
A person who is believed to be uncivilized.
"The explorers described the native people as savage."
verb
To keep something safe from harm or loss.
"We should save water by taking shorter showers."
noun
People who save someone or something from danger or harm.
"The firefighters were the saviors of the people trapped in the burning building."
verb
To enjoy the taste or smell of something for a long time.
"Close your eyes and savour the flavour of the chocolate."
verb
To enjoy the taste or smell of something completely.
"She savoured the delicious chocolate cake."
adjective
Having a taste that is salty or spicy, rather than sweet.
"I prefer savoury snacks like crackers and cheese to sweet treats."
noun
A person who works during a strike. This person is also called a strikebreaker.
"The union workers were angry at the scabbers who crossed the picket line."
noun
A skin disease caused by very small mites that burrow into the skin and cause itching and a rash.
"The doctor said the itchy rash was caused by scabies."
noun
A temporary structure used to support workers and materials during the construction or repair of a building or other large structure.
"The workers used a scaffold to reach the top of the building."
noun
A trick to get someone's money or something else of value by lying.
"The email asking for my bank details was a scam."
noun
An action or event that causes public outrage or shock because it is morally wrong or illegal.
"The politician resigned after a financial scandal."
adjective
Not having much of something; not common or plentiful.
"Food was scarce during the war. People didn't have much to eat."
noun
A piece of cloth worn around the neck, head, or shoulders for warmth, protection, or decoration.
"She wore a wool scarf to keep warm in the winter."
noun
A person who studies a subject in detail, especially at a university.
"She is a famous scholar of ancient history."
noun
Money given to a student to help pay for their education.
"She got a scholarship to study at a good university."
noun
The schwa sound is the most common vowel sound in the English language. It sounds like 'uh'.
"The first sound in the word 'about' is a schwa: /əˈbaʊt/."
noun
The study of the world around us based on facts that we can prove.
"She is studying science at the university."
noun
A tool like a small shovel with a curved shape. It is used for picking up and moving things like ice cream or flour.
"I used a scoop to get ice cream from the container."
verb
To be treated with a feeling of strong dislike and no respect.
"She felt scorned by her classmates when she didn't get invited to their party."
noun
A hurried and confused struggle or effort to get something.
"There was a scramble for the free tickets."
noun
Small pieces of something that are left over after you have used the main part.
"I used some scraps of fabric to make a small quilt."
verb
To remove something from a surface by rubbing it with a hard or sharp object.
"I need to scrape the ice off my car's windshield."
noun
A test to find out if someone has a disease or problem before they have symptoms.
"The company does drug screening for all new employees."
noun
A small, metal object with a sharp point and a spiral thread around it. It is used to join things together by twisting it into the material.
"I used a screwdriver to tighten the screw."
noun
Feelings of doubt or guilt about doing something that you think may be wrong.
"He had no scruples about lying to get what he wanted."
adjective
Very careful about doing something correctly.
"A scrupulous student always checks their work carefully."
noun
Careful and close examination or watching.
"The company's finances are under close scrutiny."
noun
Short for Small Computer System Interface. SCS is a way for computers and other devices to talk to each other, especially for connecting hard drives and other storage devices.
"The old computer used an SCS hard drive."
noun
A bird that lives near the sea. It is usually white or grey and has long wings.
"We saw many seagulls flying over the beach."
verb
To burn the surface of something with strong heat.
"The chef is searing the steak to seal in the juices."
noun
Things that are kept hidden or not known by many people.
"I have a few secrets that I don't want to share with anyone."
adjective
Not connected to religion or religious beliefs.
"The school is secular, so it does not teach any specific religion."
verb
To get something, often by working hard or competing.
"I need to secure a good grade in my English class."
verb
Present participle of 'secure'.
"The police are securing the area after the accident."
verb
To persuade someone to do something that they would not usually do, especially to have sex with them.
"The advertisement tries to seduce people into buying things they don't need."
adverb
In a way that appears to be true, but might not be.
"Seemingly, he was happy with his new job, but he later quit."
verb
To flow or leak slowly through something.
"Water seeped through the cracks in the wall."
verb
To separate a group of people from others, often because of their race, religion, or other differences.
"In the past, schools were often segregated, with white students and black students attending different schools."
adjective
Doing things that are likely to harm yourself.
"Smoking is a self-destructive habit."
adjective
Thinking more about the needs and wishes of other people than about your own.
"The doctor was a selfless person who always helped those in need."
noun
The study of meaning in language. It looks at the relationship between words, phrases, signs, and symbols and what they represent.
"The teacher explained the semantics of the word 'happy'."
noun
A part of a school year. Many schools divide the year into two semesters.
"I have three more months until the end of the semester."
noun
A student in their last year of high school or college.
"She is a senior in high school this year."
noun
The abilities to see, hear, smell, taste, and touch. These are how we understand the world around us.
"Humans have five senses: sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch."
noun
A group of words that express a complete idea, usually with a subject and a verb.
"She wrote three sentences about her day in her diary."
noun
The state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled.
"The lake was so still; it gave me a feeling of serenity."
noun
A rank in the army or the police. It is higher than a corporal or a police officer, but lower than a lieutenant or a police inspector.
"The sergeant gave the soldiers their orders."
adverb
In a serious way. Showing that you are not joking or being funny.
"Are you seriously thinking about quitting your job?"
noun
A group of things that belong together or are similar.
"This is a set of books by the same author."
adjective
Full of shadows; dark or dim.
"The path through the forest was shadowy because the trees blocked the sunlight."
adjective
Not deep. Measuring only a short distance from the top to the bottom.
"The water near the beach is shallow, so it's safe for kids to swim."
adjective
Causing or feeling shame; something that should make you feel bad or embarrassed.
"It's shameful to lie to your parents."
verb
To use or have something at the same time as someone else.
"We shared a pizza for lunch."
noun
The act of giving something you have to someone else.
"Sharing toys is important for children to learn how to cooperate."
adjective
Having a thin edge or point that can cut or pierce things easily.
"Be careful with that knife; it's very sharp."
adverb
In a way that is sudden, quick, and forceful.
"The driver turned the car sharply to avoid the dog."
verb
To break something into many small pieces suddenly and violently.
"The vase fell off the table and shattered on the floor."
pronoun
Used to refer to a female person or animal that has already been mentioned or is known.
"My sister is a doctor. She works at a hospital."
noun
A flat, long piece of wood, metal, or other material that is attached to a wall or frame. Shelves are used to hold things.
"I put the books on the shelf."
noun
A place that protects you from bad weather or danger.
"The bus stop has a small shelter to protect people from the rain."
noun
Shelving refers to shelves, especially when they are considered as a set or system.
"We need more shelving in the kitchen to store all the dishes."
noun
A slang term for a woman or girl, especially in Australia and New Zealand.
"My friend introduced me to his sheila at the party."
verb
To shake slightly because you are cold, afraid, or excited.
"I shivered because the room was very cold."
noun
A fight between two groups of people where guns are used.
"The police had a shootout with the bank robbers."
noun
The land along the edge of a sea, lake, or river.
"We walked along the shore and collected seashells."
noun
A situation when there is not enough of something that people need or want.
"There is a shortage of doctors in the rural areas."
noun
A small amount of a strong drink, like whiskey or vodka.
"He ordered two shots of tequila at the bar."
verb
Used to say what is right or correct to do.
"You should eat your vegetables; they are good for you."
noun
Small pieces of metal that fly out from a bomb or shell when it explodes.
"The soldiers were injured by shrapnel from the explosion."
verb
To mix things up in a way that changes their order, often cards in a game.
"The dealer shuffled the cards before the poker game."
noun
People who share at least one parent in common. They are your brothers and sisters.
"I have two siblings: one brother and one sister."
noun
Brothers and sisters. People who have the same parents.
"I have two siblings: a brother and a sister."
noun
A person who helps someone who is important or powerful.
"Batman's sidekick is Robin."
English Translation
afternoon nap
"In Spain, many people take a siesta in the afternoon because it is very hot."
verb
To put flour, sugar, or other fine substances through a sieve (a tool with a mesh) to remove lumps or large pieces.
"She is sifting the flour to make a cake."
noun
A symbol that is believed to have magical power.
"Some people use a sigil to help them focus on their goals."
noun
The 18th letter of the Greek alphabet (uppercase Σ, lowercase σ or ς).
"Sigma is often used in math equations."
verb
To give a signal to someone. A signal is an action or sound that gives information or a command.
"The referee signaled the end of the game with a whistle."
adjective
Important and deserving attention.
"The test results showed a significant improvement in her health."
noun
A dark shape seen against a light background.
"I could see the silhouette of the trees against the sunset."
adjective
Showing a lack of good sense, judgment, or seriousness.
"That's a silly question to ask."
adjective
Made stronger or more durable by adding silver to it.
"The new pipes are silver-reinforced to prevent leaks."
verb
To have cooked something slowly at a temperature just below boiling.
"The sauce simmered on the stove for an hour."
verb
to make something easier to understand or do
"Can you simplify the instructions so I can follow them?"
adverb
Happening or being done at the same time.
"The two singers sang simultaneously."
noun
the quality of being honest and true in feelings or words
"She spoke with sincerity when she thanked her friend for the help."
verb
Going down below the surface of water or another liquid.
"The ship is sinking and needs help."
verb
To make a sound like food cooking in hot oil.
"I could hear the bacon sizzling in the pan."
verb
To slide without control, usually because the ground is slippery.
"The car skidded on the ice and crashed into a tree."
noun
A small boat that is light and easy to move. It is usually used by one person.
"He rowed his skiff across the lake."
noun
The part of a rope, wire, or other line that is not held tightly.
"The rope had some slack in it, so I pulled it tighter."
verb
To shut something with force and a loud noise.
"He slammed the door because he was angry."
noun
Very informal words or phrases that are used by a particular group of people. Slang is often used in speech rather than writing.
""Cool" is a slang word for "good" or "great.""
verb
To kill someone or something in a violent way.
"The knight had to slay the dragon to save the princess."
verb
Moving smoothly along a surface while maintaining continuous contact with it.
"The children were sliding on the ice in the park."
verb
To slide suddenly and without intending to. This often happens on a wet or smooth surface.
"I slipped on the ice and fell down."
adjective
Difficult to hold or stand on because it is smooth, wet, or oily.
"The road was very slippery because of the ice."
verb
Past tense and past participle of 'slit'. 'Slit' means to make a long, narrow cut or opening in something.
"She slitted the envelope open with a knife."
noun
A way of standing, sitting, or walking with your shoulders forward and your head down.
"He tends to slouch when he walks because he is very tall."
verb
To stand, sit, or walk in a lazy or drooping way. This means your body is not straight or upright.
"He slouched in his chair because he was tired."
verb
to fall or sit down heavily and suddenly because you are tired or weak
"After running for hours, he was slumping on the chair with no energy."
adjective
Having a surface without bumps, roughness, or unevenness.
"The baby's skin is very smooth."
noun
The act of burning herbs or resins to create a smoke that is used to purify or cleanse a space, object, or person.
"Some people practice smudging to remove negative energy from their homes."
noun
The act of taking things into or out of a country secretly and illegally.
"The police caught the man smuggling drugs across the border."
noun
Dirt or marks on a surface.
"There was a smudge of smut on his face after working on the car."
noun
A type of garden flower with colorful petals that look like a dragon's face.
"My grandmother loves to grow snapdragons in her garden."
verb
To break suddenly and completely, often with a sharp noise.
"The dry twig snapped under my foot."
verb
To quickly grab something from someone.
"The thief snatched her purse and ran away."
verb
Taking something quickly and forcefully.
"The thief was arrested for snatching the woman's purse."
adjective
Not drunk. Not affected by alcohol.
"He stayed sober at the party because he had to drive home."
noun
The state of not being drunk.
"After years of drinking, he finally achieved sobriety."
adjective
Relating to society or the way people live together.
"Humans are social animals."
verb
Asking someone for something, like money, help, or support.
"The charity was soliciting donations to help people in need."
adjective
Having a dark or dull color or tone.
"The sky was somber and gray on the rainy day."
determiner
Used before a noun to mean an amount or number that is not exact or not known.
"I have some apples."
adverb
In some way that is not known or explained.
"I don't know how, but we somehow managed to finish the project on time."
adverb
At an unspecified or unstated time in the future or past.
"I will see you sometime next week."
adjective
Feeling sad or regretful about something you have done.
"I am sorry that I broke your vase."
verb
To put things into groups or in a special order.
"I sorted the letters into different piles."
verb
To become sour. Sour means having a sharp, unpleasant taste like lemon or vinegar.
"The milk is souring because it was left out of the refrigerator."
noun
A person who sows (plants seeds).
"The sower walked through the field, scattering seeds."
verb
To hit someone, usually a child, on their bottom with an open hand. This is often done as a punishment.
"The parent spanked the child for misbehaving."
adjective
Thinly scattered or distributed; not dense or crowded.
"The forest was sparse, with few trees growing close together."
noun
A sudden, uncontrolled tightening of a muscle.
"He felt a muscle spasm in his leg after the long run."
adverb
In a clear and exact way.
"The teacher asked specifically for no talking during the test."
noun
A person who watches an event, show, game, or activity. Spectators usually watch for fun or because they are interested in the event.
"There were many spectators at the football game."
noun
The plural form of 'spectrum'.
"The spectra of different stars show different elements."
verb
To write or say the letters of a word in the correct order.
"Can you spell your name for me?"
verb
To write or say the letters of a word in the correct order.
"She spelled her name for me so I could write it down correctly."
noun
The way a word is written with letters.
"Good spelling is important for writing clearly."
verb
To accidentally let a liquid or other substance flow out of its container.
"I was carrying a cup of coffee and I ended up spilling it on the floor."
verb
To force liquid (usually saliva) out of your mouth.
"He was spitting on the ground after eating something bad."
verb
To have scattered or spread a liquid or soft substance messily over a surface.
"The artist splattered paint on the canvas to create an abstract painting."
noun
People or companies who give money or support to an event, organization, or person.
"Many companies sponsor sports teams to advertise their products."
noun
A funny imitation of something, like a movie or a TV show.
"The movie is a spoof of popular action films."
adjective
Happening sometimes; not regular or continuous.
"We have had sporadic rain showers all day."
noun
A small, round mark or area that is different in color from the surrounding surface.
"She has a spot of paint on her shirt."
verb
To see or notice someone or something, often suddenly or unexpectedly.
"I spotted my friend in the crowd at the concert."
verb
To sit or lie down with your arms and legs spread out in a relaxed or careless way.
"After a long day at work, he sprawled on the sofa."
noun
A small amount of something scattered or spread lightly over a surface.
"She added a sprinkling of sugar on top of the cookies."
verb
To begin to grow; to produce buds, leaves, or shoots.
"The seeds sprouted after a few days of rain."
noun
Courage and determination.
"She showed a lot of spunk when she stood up to the bully."
verb
To press something firmly with your fingers or hands.
"Please squeeze the lemon to get the juice."
adjective
Soft and able to be pressed easily.
"This toy is very squishy; I like to squeeze it."
noun
A raised area where actors, speakers, or musicians perform.
"The actors walked onto the stage to begin the play."
verb
To walk or move unsteadily, as if about to fall.
"He staggered and almost fell after tripping on the rug."
noun
Marks or spots that are difficult to remove.
"I got coffee stains on my shirt this morning."
adjective
Not fresh or new; old and unpleasant.
"The bread is stale because it was left out overnight."
verb
Looking at someone or something for a long time without moving your eyes.
"The little boy was staring at the ice cream."
adverb
In a way that is very surprising or shocking.
"The news was startlingly sudden."
noun
Something you say or write clearly and directly.
"The teacher made a statement about the new rules."
verb
To assign someone to a place to do a job, especially in the military.
"The soldiers were stationed at the border."
adjective
Loyal and committed in attitude.
"He is a staunch supporter of the team; he never misses a game."
verb
To take something that does not belong to you without permission and without intending to return it.
"Someone tried to steal my car last night."
noun
A strong metal made from iron and carbon.
"Cars and buildings are often made of steel."
verb
To prepare oneself mentally to do or face something difficult or unpleasant.
"She was steeling herself for the difficult conversation with her boss."
verb
To soak something in liquid, usually to soften it or to add flavor.
"She is steeping the tea bag in hot water."
verb
To move by lifting your foot and putting it down in a new place.
"She was stepping carefully over the rocks."
verb
To stop something from happening or developing.
"The heavy smoke stifled her breathing."
verb
To make something more active or lively.
"Coffee can stimulate your mind and help you stay awake."
noun
A small, sharp part of an insect, such as a bee or wasp, that it uses to inject poison.
"The bee used its sting to protect itself."
verb
Present participle of 'sting'. 'Sting' means to cause a sudden, sharp pain.
"The bee's sting was very stinging."
verb
To move something around with a spoon or other object.
"She was stirring the soup with a big spoon."
noun
A loop of thread made by sewing or knitting.
"She used a needle and thread to make a stitch in the torn fabric."
verb
To take something that does not belong to you without permission.
"Someone stole my wallet from my bag."
noun
A plan to achieve a long-term or overall aim.
"Our company needs a new strategy to increase sales."
noun
A long, thin mark or line of something.
"There was a streak of light across the sky."
verb
Running naked in a public place as a prank or dare.
"The students were suspended from school after streaking across the football field."
noun
A refusal to work by employees as a protest against employers.
"The workers decided to go on strike for better pay."
adjective
Very noticeable or attracting a lot of attention.
"She has a striking resemblance to a famous actress."
verb
Past participle of 'strike'. 'Strike' means to hit something or someone.
"He was struck by a car while crossing the street."
adjective
A room that is stuffy does not have enough fresh air.
"The room was stuffy, so I opened a window."
verb
To trip or nearly fall while walking or running.
"He stumbled over a rock on the path and almost fell."
adjective
Extremely impressive or amazing.
"The view from the top of the mountain was stupendous."
adjective
Not intelligent or clever; lacking the ability to understand things quickly or easily.
"That was a stupid thing to say."
noun
A bar or rod used to support something and keep it in shape.
"The airplane wing has a strut to make it stronger."
noun
The right for an insurance company to take over the right of their customer to sue someone else.
"The insurance company used subrogation to get money back from the person who caused the car accident."
adverb
After something else; later.
"It rained heavily. Subsequently, the game was canceled."
noun
A set that contains some or all of the elements of another set, but no other elements.
"The set of even numbers is a subset of the set of all integers."
noun
A particular kind of matter with uniform properties.
"Water is a substance made of hydrogen and oxygen."
verb
To give proof or evidence to support a claim or statement.
"The scientist needed more data to substantiate his theory."
adjective
Important, real, or meaningful.
"The committee had a substantive discussion about the budget."
noun
A person or thing that takes the place of someone or something else.
"We needed a substitute teacher when Mrs. Smith got sick."
adjective
Not obvious; difficult to notice or understand unless you pay close attention.
"There was a subtle change in her expression that showed she was upset."
noun
When you do something well and achieve your goal.
"She had great success in her new job."
adjective
Having a good result; achieving what you wanted.
"She is a successful doctor who helps many people."
adjective
Used to emphasize the degree or extent of something.
"She is such a good student."
noun
A person who is easily tricked or fooled.
"He's a sucker for a sad story; he always believes them."
verb
To feel pain or sadness because of something bad that happened.
"She suffered a lot after losing her job."
verb
To give someone an idea to think about.
"I suggest you try the pizza. It's very good."
noun
A set of rooms that are used together as a unit. For example, in a hotel, a suite usually has a bedroom, a living room, and a bathroom.
"We booked a hotel suite for our honeymoon."
adjective
Very good or of high quality.
"She did a super job on the project; everyone was impressed."
adjective
Used to say something is extremely good or wonderful.
"The musical was supercalifragilisticexpialidocious!"
noun
A special type of electrical part that can store a lot of energy very quickly.
"Supercapacitors are used in buses to help save energy when braking."
adjective
A word used to say that something is very, very good or wonderful.
"The movie was supercalifragilisticexpialidocious!"
noun
The act of placing one thing on top of another.
"The artist used superposition to create a layered effect in her painting."
verb
To watch over and direct the work or activities of other people.
"My boss supervises a team of ten people."
noun
A person who watches over and directs workers or activities.
"My supervisor helps me when I have problems at work."
noun
Help or encouragement that you give to someone.
"My family gives me a lot of support in my studies."
verb
Past tense and past participle of 'support'. To 'support' means to hold something up or prevent it from falling.
"The wooden beams supported the roof of the old house."
adjective
Believed to be true or real, but not proven.
"This is the supposed location of the treasure, but we haven't found anything yet."
adjective
Feeling certain about something; having no doubt.
"I am sure that I locked the door."
noun
A sudden, strong increase or rush of something.
"There was a surge of excitement when the team won."
noun
A medical treatment in which a doctor cuts into the body to repair or remove damaged parts.
"The doctor recommended surgery to fix my broken leg."
noun
An arrangement where a woman carries and gives birth to a baby for another person or couple.
"They decided to have a child through surrogacy because the woman was unable to carry a baby."
noun
The state of continuing to live or exist, especially in difficult conditions.
"The hikers needed to find water for their survival in the desert."
noun
A person who lives through a dangerous event or situation.
"She is a survivor of a car accident."
adjective
Easily affected or influenced by something.
"Children are more susceptible to colds because their immune systems are not fully developed."
noun
A feeling that someone might be guilty of doing something wrong or dishonest.
"I have a suspicion that he is lying to me."
verb
To make food or drink go down your throat and into your stomach.
"He swallowed the pill with a glass of water."
verb
To promise something very strongly and seriously.
"I swear I will always be there for you. (promise)"
verb
Past tense and past participle of 'sweat'. To sweat means to produce liquid (sweat) through your skin because you are hot, nervous, or doing hard work.
"He sweated a lot during the workout."
verb
To move in a circular or twisting way.
"The water in the sink swirled down the drain."
verb
To turn around quickly and easily on a fixed point.
"The office chair swiveled so he could see the visitor."
adjective
Larger than normal, especially because of a build-up of liquid inside.
"Her ankle was swollen after she twisted it."
noun
A soft sound made by something moving quickly through the air.
"I heard the swoosh of the basketball as it went through the net."
verb
The past tense of 'swear'. It means to make a serious promise.
"He swore to tell the truth in court."
noun
Something that represents or stands for something else, especially an object representing an idea.
"The dove is a symbol of peace."
noun
Words that have the same or very similar meanings.
"“Happy” and “joyful” are synonyms."
adjective
Done according to a plan or method.
"The company has a systematic approach to solving problems."
noun
A group of people arranged in a scene, often still or silent, like a picture.
"The actors created a tableau of a family at the dinner table."
verb
To get something. This can mean to grab it with your hands, or to receive it.
"Please take this book."
noun
The act of speaking or exchanging ideas.
"We had a long talk about our plans for the future."
adjective
More high in height than another person or thing.
"My brother is taller than me."
adjective
Equal to in effect or value; the same as.
"Lying to the police is tantamount to admitting you are guilty."
noun
A tax on goods that are brought into or sent out of a country.
"The government put a tariff on imported cars."
noun
A tax on goods that come into a country (imports) or go out of a country (exports).
"The government put a tariff on imported cars to protect local car companies."
noun
A piece of work that needs to be done.
"My main task today is to finish writing this report."
verb
The past tense and past participle of the verb 'teach'.
"My mother taught me how to cook."
verb
The past tense and past participle of the verb 'teach'. It means to give someone knowledge or skills.
"My mother taught me how to cook."
noun
A remark that is meant to anger, upset, or make someone feel bad.
"The children began to taunt him because he was wearing glasses."
noun
A car that you can hire to take you somewhere. You pay the driver for the distance you travel.
"I took a taxi to the airport."
noun
A drop of salty liquid that comes from your eye when you cry or when something irritates your eye.
"She had tears in her eyes after watching the sad movie."
noun
A single drop of tears falling from the eye.
"A teardrop rolled down her cheek as she listened to the sad song."
noun
The ability to know what another person is thinking or feeling without using words or other normal ways of communication.
"Some people believe in telepathy and think they can read minds."
noun
A device you use to talk to someone who is far away.
"I used the telephone to call my friend."
verb
To say something to someone. It means to give information using words.
"Please tell me your name."
noun
A person employed for a short time.
"She worked as a temp in the office while the receptionist was on vacation."
noun
The practice of controlling your actions, thoughts, or feelings.
"He showed great temperance in dealing with the angry customer."
verb
to be likely to do something or behave in a certain way
"I tend to wake up early in the morning."
noun
A formal offer to do something, like provide goods or services, at a certain price.
"The company submitted a tender to build the new bridge."
noun
A large building in a city that has many apartments, often in poor condition.
"Many immigrants lived in tenements when they first came to the United States."
noun
The plural form of 'ten'. It means more than one group or amount of ten.
"I have tens of books in my house. That means I have many groups of ten books."
noun
The form of a verb that shows when an action happens. It tells us if something happened in the past, present, or future.
"In the sentence 'I walked,' the verb 'walked' is in the past tense."
noun
A portable shelter made of cloth or other material that is stretched over a frame. It is used for camping or temporary housing.
"We put up a tent in the backyard for the kids to play in."
adjective
Not certain or fixed; likely to change.
"We have made a tentative plan to go to the beach next weekend, but it depends on the weather."
noun
The right to keep a job, usually a teaching job at a university, permanently.
"She has tenure at the university, so she can only be fired for very serious reasons."
noun
A word or phrase used to describe something, especially in a specific subject or area.
""Photosynthesis" is a scientific term for how plants make food."
adjective
Relating to the ownership of land or sea.
"The two countries have a territorial dispute over the island."
noun
An area of land controlled by a country, ruler, or city.
"Alaska is a territory of the United States."
noun
An activity where you answer questions or do something to show how much you know about a subject.
"I have a math test tomorrow."
determiner
Used to point to a specific thing or person, usually when it is not near the speaker.
"That car is very expensive."
determiner
Used before a noun to show that the speaker and listener know which thing or person is being talked about. It makes the noun specific.
"Please close the door. (We both know which door I mean.)"
pronoun
Belonging to them. Shows that something belongs to a group of people or things.
"The students like their teacher."
adverb
In a way that is based on ideas or theories, not on practical experience.
"Theoretically, we could fly to the moon. (But in reality, it's very difficult)."
noun
An idea or set of ideas that tries to explain facts or events.
"Scientists have a theory about why dinosaurs became extinct."
noun
A long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one that you do for a university degree.
"She is writing her master's thesis on climate change."
adjective
Having a large distance between opposite sides or surfaces.
"The book is very thick."
noun
A person who steals something. To steal means to take something that does not belong to you without asking.
"The thief stole my wallet from my bag."
determiner
Used to point to a specific thing or person that is close by or being talked about.
"This is my book. (determiner)"
pronoun
An old word for 'you'. It is used when talking to only one person.
"In old books, you might see sentences like 'Thou art my friend.' This means 'You are my friend.'"
noun
Something that you think or believe.
"I had a good thought about how to solve the problem."
verb
To feel very excited and happy.
"I was thrilled to get the invitation to the party."
verb
Growing and developing very well; being successful or healthy.
"The plants are thriving in the garden because they get plenty of sun."
preposition
Moving from one side of something to the other.
"The train went through the tunnel."
verb
To make a low, steady sound like a string being plucked repeatedly.
"I could hear the thrumming of the engine in the distance."
verb
To hit or beat something heavily, making a loud, dull sound.
"I could hear the bass thumping from the party next door."
pronoun
An old-fashioned word that means 'belonging to you'. It is used like 'your'.
"Bless thy heart."
noun
A small insect that lives on animals and drinks their blood. It can sometimes spread diseases.
"I found a tick on my dog after our walk in the woods."
verb
Past tense and past participle of 'tick'.
"The clock ticked loudly in the quiet room."
verb
To touch someone lightly in a way that makes them laugh and feel pleasure.
"The baby laughed when his mom tickled his feet."
noun
Something that we measure in minutes, hours, days, etc. It is how we see events happen from the past, to the present, and into the future.
"What time is it now?"
verb
To give a slight color or shade to something.
"The sunset tinged the clouds with pink."
noun
A young child who is learning to walk.
"The toddler was playing with blocks on the floor."
noun
Young children who are learning to walk. They are usually between the ages of one and three.
"The park was full of toddlers playing on the swings."
noun
A place where a dead person is buried, often built of stone.
"The pharaoh was buried in a large tomb."
verb
Past participle of 'tear'. It means something has been ripped or separated into pieces by force.
"The paper was torn in half."
noun
A twisting force that causes rotation.
"The mechanic used a wrench to apply torque to the bolt."
noun
The act of causing severe pain or suffering to someone, often to force them to tell you something.
"The police were accused of using torture to get information from the suspect."
verb
To throw something lightly or carelessly.
"He tosses the ball to his dog in the park."
noun
A piece of cloth used for drying things, especially your body after washing.
"After my shower, I used a towel to dry myself."
noun
A small sign or mark that shows something was there.
"The detective found a trace of mud on the floor."
noun
A path or road that is made or used for a special purpose.
"The runners raced around the track."
noun
A very sad event that causes great suffering and often death.
"The earthquake was a terrible tragedy that affected many families."
verb
To have followed someone or something by looking for signs that they passed by.
"The detective trailed the suspect for several blocks."
noun
The place where a trail starts. It's the beginning point for a hiking path or other kind of trail.
"We met at the trailhead to start our hike up the mountain."
noun
A special quality or characteristic that someone or something has.
"Kindness is a good trait to have."
noun
Qualities or characteristics that belong to a person.
"Honesty and kindness are good traits to have."
adjective
Relating to actions or events where something is exchanged or transferred.
"Buying something at a store is a transactional process."
noun
The act of going beyond or rising above something.
"The artist's work achieved a level of transcendence that moved everyone who saw it."
noun
A person who stays in a place for only a short time.
"The hotel is often used by transient travelers."
verb
To be in a place or situation that you cannot easily get out of.
"The cat was trapped in the tree and couldn't get down."
noun
Equipment or decorations, especially for a horse.
"The horse had beautiful silver trappings."
noun
The part of a tire that touches the road.
"The car's tires have good treads, so they won't slip on the wet road."
noun
A period of about three months, especially one of the three periods into which a human pregnancy is divided.
"The first trimester of pregnancy is often the hardest because of morning sickness."
verb
To be popular or widely discussed online, especially on social media, for a short period of time.
"That funny video is trending on YouTube right now."
noun
Something done to deceive or fool someone.
"The magician did a cool trick with the cards."
verb
To use a trick to deceive someone. This means to fool someone in a clever or dishonest way.
"The magician tricked the audience with his disappearing act."
noun
A period of three months, especially one of the three periods into which a pregnancy is divided.
"The first trimester of pregnancy is often the most difficult."
adjective
Relating to or based on the number three.
"Computers can use a trinary system instead of a binary system."
verb
To lose your balance because you hit something with your foot.
"I tripped over a rock and fell down."
adjective
Not important or serious; not worth paying much attention to.
"The problem was so trivial that I didn't even bother to solve it."
noun
A brass musical instrument that makes a sound by blowing air into it and moving a slide to change the pitch.
"The trombone player in the band was very good."
verb
To show or bring something out, often something that has been used before, especially in order to impress people or to support an argument.
"The politician always trots out the same old promises during every election."
noun
An ancient city in what is now Turkey, known for the Trojan War in Greek stories.
"The story of the Trojan War is a famous Greek legend."
verb
To shorten something by cutting off the end.
"The speech was truncated because the speaker ran out of time."
noun
A strong belief in the honesty, fairness, or reliability of someone or something.
"I have a lot of trust in my best friend."
noun
The name of a book, movie, song, or other work.
"The title of the book is 'The Secret Garden'."
noun
A long passage that is built underground or through a hill or mountain.
"The train went through a long tunnel in the mountains."
noun
Grass and the earth that is held together by its roots.
"The soccer field has a lot of green turf."
adjective
Being like most others of the same kind.
"It's typical for children to cry when they are hurt."
interjection
A sound you make when you are annoyed, disgusted, or don't want to do something.
"Ugh, I have to do my homework now."
adjective
The best or most extreme example of something.
"This phone is the ultimate in mobile technology."
adjective
Beyond what is normal or usual; extreme.
"This new phone has ultra-fast internet."
adjective
Not carrying any weapons.
"The police officer was unarmed when he approached the suspect."
adjective
Not knowing or realizing something; not aware.
"She was unaware that she was being watched."
adjective
Not invited or requested; appearing or happening without being asked, invited, or expected.
"Thoughts of her childhood came to her unbidden."
adjective
Not controlled or limited.
"The puppy showed unbridled joy when his owner came home."
adjective
Strange or mysterious in a way that makes you feel uncomfortable.
"He has an uncanny ability to predict the weather."
adverb
Without using formal manners or polite behavior.
"He was unceremoniously fired from his job."
noun
The brother of your mother or father.
"My uncle John is coming to visit us this weekend."
adjective
Not understanding something.
"She looked at the instructions with an uncomprehending stare."
noun
A being that is dead but acts as if it is alive.
"Zombies are a common type of undead creature."
verb
To make something weaker or less effective, often slowly or secretly.
"His constant criticism undermined my confidence."
noun
The ability to know how something works or what something means.
"I have a good understanding of English grammar."
noun
A statement that makes something seem smaller, less important, or less serious than it really is.
"Saying 'It rained a bit' when there was a huge flood is an understatement."
adjective
Continuing forever; never ending.
"The hero showed undying courage in the face of danger."
adjective
Mentally unbalanced; not thinking or acting clearly or reasonably.
"After losing his job, he seemed a little unhinged."
adjective
Not likely to happen or be true.
"It is unlikely to rain today because the sky is clear."
adjective
Never happened before. Something that is new and has no example from the past.
"The amount of rain we had yesterday was unprecedented; I've never seen anything like it."
verb
To straighten out something that is twisted or bent like a pretzel.
"The yoga instructor helped me unpretzel my back after a long day at work."
adjective
Not controlled by rules or laws.
"The business was unregulated, so it could do whatever it wanted."
adjective
Not certain or confident about something.
"I'm unsure about the answer to that question."
adjective
Not wanting to do something.
"The child was unwilling to eat his vegetables."
adjective
Not good enough; not deserving respect, praise, or love.
"He felt unworthy of her love."
noun
A big change that causes a lot of problems, confusion, or worry.
"The company's sudden closing caused a major upheaval in the small town."
noun
The soft covering of chairs, sofas, and other furniture.
"The old chair needs new upholstery because the fabric is torn."
adjective
Relatively expensive and designed to appeal to affluent consumers.
"This shop sells upmarket clothes."
noun
A short way to say the United States of America. It is a country in North America.
"I want to visit the USA someday."
verb
To take a position of power or importance illegally or by force.
"The general tried to usurp the president's power."
noun
An imagined place or state where everything is perfect. In a utopia, there is no poverty, crime, or suffering.
"Some people dream of creating a utopia on Earth."
noun
A space that is completely empty of air or other matter.
"Outer space is a near perfect vacuum."
verb
To clean a carpet or floor with a vacuum cleaner.
"I am vacuuming the living room floor."
noun
The part of a woman's body that connects her outer sexual organs to her womb (uterus). It is used for sexual activity and childbirth.
"The doctor examined her vagina during the check-up."
adverb
In a brave and determined way.
"The knight fought valiantly to protect the princess."
noun
The state of being true or correct.
"The scientist questioned the validity of the experiment's results."
noun
A person who destroys or damages things, especially public or private property, on purpose.
"The vandals broke the windows of the school."
verb
To disappear suddenly and completely.
"The magician made the rabbit vanish in a puff of smoke."
verb
To check if something is true or correct.
"Please verify your email address by clicking the link we sent you."
noun
Bad habits or behaviors. They are things that people do that are considered wrong or immoral.
"Smoking is a common vice that is hard to quit."
noun
The act of winning a fight, game, or competition.
"Our team celebrated their victory after the game."
verb
To prove that someone who was blamed for something is in fact not guilty or wrong.
"The new evidence helped to vindicate him after he was wrongly accused."
verb
To prove that someone who was blamed for something is actually not guilty or wrong.
"He was vindicated when the real thief was caught."
noun
A type of strong, smooth plastic material. It is often used to make things like records, floor coverings, and clothes.
"The floor in the kitchen is made of vinyl."
adjective
Using or showing physical force to hurt, damage, or destroy someone or something.
"The robber was violent and hurt the shop owner."
noun
A person who has never had sexual intercourse.
"She was a virgin when she got married."
adjective
Bright and strong in color.
"The painting had vivid colors that made it look alive."
noun
A video blog or video log. It is like a diary, but in video form.
"She started a vlog to share her travel adventures."
noun
A type of work that you feel is right for you.
"Teaching is not just a job for her; it's a vocation."
adjective
A sound made with the vocal cords vibrating.
"The 'b' in 'bat' is a voiced consonant because your vocal cords vibrate when you say it."
noun
the food or liquid that comes out of your mouth when you are sick
"He felt sick and had vomit on his shirt after the ride."
noun
The state of being easily hurt or harmed, either physically or emotionally.
"A child's vulnerability makes them need protection."
noun
A type of food made from batter cooked in a waffle iron, which gives it a pattern of raised squares.
"I like to eat waffles with syrup and butter for breakfast."
verb
To move gently through the air.
"The smell of baking bread was wafting from the kitchen."
noun
Money that you earn for working. It is usually paid based on the time you work (like hours or days) or the amount of work you do.
"My wage is $15 per hour."
noun
A male given name, common in Arabic-speaking countries.
"Waleed is a popular name in the Middle East."
noun
A male given name, common in Arabic-speaking countries.
"Walid is a popular name in many Arab countries."
noun
A big fight between countries or groups of people, using weapons.
"The war between the two countries lasted for many years."
noun
A section in a hospital for patients needing similar care.
"The hospital has a special ward for children."
noun
Fighting a war. It includes using weapons and strategies to defeat an enemy.
"Modern warfare uses advanced technology like drones and missiles."
adjective
Having a temperature that is higher than cool, but not hot.
"The sun feels warm on my skin."
verb
To clean something with water and often soap.
"I need to wash my clothes. They are dirty."
verb
To use something carelessly or without getting any good result.
"I wasted a lot of time watching TV yesterday."
noun
A clear liquid that has no color, taste, or smell. It is essential for all life.
"We need water to survive."
verb
To move back and forth with an unsteady motion.
"The flame of the candle was wavering in the wind."
adjective
Not strong; easily broken or damaged.
"The old bridge is very weak and might fall down."
noun
The state of being not strong; lacking physical power.
"After being sick, he felt a lot of weakness in his body."
noun
A small, wild animal with a long, thin body and short legs. Weasels are known for being quick and hunting other small animals.
"The weasel ran across the road."
noun
The condition of the air outside, such as if it is hot, cold, sunny, rainy, etc.
"The weather is nice today; it's sunny and warm."
verb
To find out how heavy something is. You usually use a scale for this.
"The doctor needs to weigh the baby to see if he is growing properly."
verb
To find out how heavy something is.
"The baker is weighing the flour to make sure he uses the right amount."
noun
The general health, happiness, and comfort of a person or group.
"The company cares about the welfare of its workers."
noun
The state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy.
"Regular exercise can improve your physical wellbeing."
verb
The past tense of the verb 'go'. To move or travel from one place to another.
"I went to the store yesterday."
noun
A flat area built next to the sea or a river where boats can stop. People can walk on it, load, and unload things from the boats.
"The sailors tied the boat to the wharf."
conjunction
At any time that; every time that.
"You can call me whenever you need help."
adverb
Used to ask or talk about the place or position of something.
"Where is the library?"
conjunction
used to say that something is true, but something else is also true. It introduces a statement that contrasts with or differs from a previous statement.
"He loves playing video games, whereas she prefers reading books."
noun
The place where someone or something is.
"The police are trying to find out the whereabouts of the missing child."
noun
A slight smell, often one that is carried on the wind.
"I caught a whiff of perfume as she walked by."
noun
A sudden wish or idea, especially one that is unusual or not carefully thought out.
"We went to the beach on a whim."
verb
To make a high, sad sound because you are in pain or unhappy.
"The dog started to whine when it saw the vet."
noun
A long, thin piece of leather or rope that is used to hit animals or people.
"The farmer used a whip to control the horses."
noun
An injury to the neck caused by a sudden movement of the head forward and backward.
"She got whiplash in the car accident."
noun
The act of hitting someone or something with a whip or similar object as a punishment or to cause pain.
"The old punishment for stealing was whipping."
noun
A very small amount; a particle. It means something that is almost nothing.
"He doesn't care a whit about what people think."
adverb
In a way that is very enthusiastic and sincere.
"She wholeheartedly supported the new plan."
determiner
Used to ask a question when there are limited options.
"Which shirt do you want, the red one or the blue one?"
noun
A common surname of Sri Lankan origin.
"Mr. Wickramasinghe is a doctor at the local hospital."
noun
A small object or part, especially one whose name is not known or specified.
"I need to buy a widget for my bike, but I don't know what it's called."
noun
A woman whose husband has died and who has not married again.
"After her husband passed away, she became a widow."
noun
A card in a game that can have any value or suit that the player chooses. It can be used to replace any other card.
"In poker, the joker is often used as a wildcard, so you can use it as any card you need."
adverb
In a way that shows you are happy to do something.
"She willingly helped her friend move to a new apartment."
noun
The coldest season of the year, between autumn and spring. It is the time when the weather is usually cold and sometimes there is snow.
"Winter is my favorite season because I love snow."
verb
To clean something by rubbing it with a cloth or paper.
"Please wipe the table after you finish eating."
noun
Thin pieces of metal that carry electricity.
"The electricity comes through the wires in the wall."
noun
A system of wires used to provide electrical power or signals.
"The house needs new wiring because the old wires are dangerous."
noun
The ability to use your knowledge and experience to make good decisions and judgments.
"My grandmother is full of wisdom and always gives good advice."
adjective
Having or showing good judgment; intelligent and able to make good decisions based on experience and knowledge.
"My grandfather is a wise man who always gives good advice."
noun
The ability to say or write things that are clever and funny.
"Her writing is full of wit and humor."
noun
The practice of using magic or supernatural powers, often for evil purposes.
"Some people believe that witchcraft can cause bad luck."
verb
To take something back or away from a place.
"I need to withdraw some money from the ATM."
verb
To have seen something happen, especially an accident or crime.
"I witnessed a car accident on my way to work."
noun
A feeling of surprise and admiration. It's like when you see something amazing and you are very impressed.
"The child looked at the stars with wonder."
noun
An imaginary place that is very beautiful, strange, or wonderful.
"The amusement park was a wonderland of exciting rides and colorful lights."
noun
A person who works very hard and finds it difficult to stop working. They often feel they must always be working.
"My boss is a real workaholic; he's always the first one in and the last one out."
noun
A meeting where people learn about a subject and practice new skills.
"I went to a writing workshop to improve my skills."
noun
The feeling or act of showing respect and love for a god, especially by praying or singing.
"Many people go to church to worship God."
adjective
The lowest quality; of the poorest kind.
"This is the worst movie I have ever seen."
noun
The value of something. How important or useful something is.
"This car is worth a lot of money."
verb
used to talk about something that might happen in the future, but you are not sure
"I would go to the park if it stops raining."
verb
To cause extreme physical or mental suffering to someone.
"He was wracked with guilt after lying to his friend."
noun
A sport where two people try to throw each other to the ground.
"My brother likes to watch wrestling on TV."
verb
To squeeze or twist something tightly to force liquid out of it.
"Please wring out the wet towel."
verb
To twist or turn your body, often because you are in pain or uncomfortable.
"The snake writhed on the ground after being injured."
verb
To twist or squirm the body, usually because of pain.
"The injured player was writhing on the ground in pain."
noun
A type of dragon from old stories, often described as a large snake or serpent. It usually does not have wings or legs.
"In the story, the brave knight fought the wyrm to save the princess."
noun
A group of people who sing together.
"The church has a wonderful choir that sings every Sunday."
pronoun
An old word for 'you'. It was used to talk to more than one person, or to show respect.
"In the old play, the king said, 'Hear ye, hear ye!' meaning 'Listen, everyone!'"
noun
A period of time that is 365 days long (366 days in a leap year). It is the time it takes for the Earth to go around the sun.
"There are twelve months in a year."
verb
To shout something very loudly, usually because you are angry, excited, or want to get someone's attention.
"The teacher was yelling at the students because they were talking during the lesson."
noun
A person who comes from Yemen, a country in the Middle East.
"My friend is a Yemenite and she loves to cook traditional dishes from her country."
interjection
A word used to show agreement or say that something is true.
""Are you coming to the party?" "Yes, I am!""
pronoun
The word 'you' is used to talk to or refer to the person or people you are speaking to.
"Are you happy?"
noun
The number 0. It means nothing or none.
"The temperature today is zero degrees Celsius."
verb
To set something to zero or to make something equal to zero.
"The company is zeroing its debt by selling some of its assets."
noun
A figure of speech in which one word, usually a verb or adjective, applies to more than one noun in a sentence, but in different ways or with different meanings.
"She opened her book and her heart to new ideas. (The verb 'opened' applies to both 'book' and 'heart'.)"